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32 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
in a sprain, what kind of tissue is affected?
Ligamentous
in a strain, what kind of tissue is affected?
muscle
strain or sprain:

Result of sudden trauma that tears ligament and joint capsule
Sprain
strain or sprain:

Occurs as a result of a sudden stretch on a muscle that is actively contracting.
strain
maybe want to look at mech of injury slide... don't think it will be that important but who knows

16
yaya
When the foot plantar flexes, it loses its snug mortise, talucrural fit. It becomes susceptible to inversion, collapse...what kind of sprain is this?
inversion
most common ligament sprained?

****
anterior talo-fibular ligamet
foot plantar flexes, and damges the ATFL what is the next likely ankle ligament to be injured?

***
calcaneofibular ligament
“I heard a pop”- a snap commonly occurs at time of acute event
Difficulty with weight bearing or applying stress to involved area
Pain
Edema
Ecchymosis may often occur 24-48 hours after injury


this describes what?
sprain
Snap or tearing sensation may also occur
Pain or swelling may not be noted on the day of injury with mild injury

what would you see this in?
strain
with a sprain or strain, what should you do in your palpation first? what would this show?
Palpate area for site of maximal tenderness

palpate the bone first (followed by soft tissue)

tenderness of bone can show fracture
Strain vs rupture
rupture is a complete separation of the muscle and its insertion
Plastic deformation of the tissue without tearing

what degree strain?

****
0
Partial tear but no instability or opening of joint on stress maneuvers

what degree strain?

****
I
Partial tear with some instability indicated by partial opening of joint on stress maneuvers

what degree strain?

****
II
Complete tear with complete opening joint on stress

what degree strain?

****
III
when is the anterior drawer test positive for the ankle?
positive in 2nd and 3rd degree sprain
you perform a talar tilt test and it is positive, what does this mean?
3rd degree tear in the ankle
according to the Ottawa Criteria, when do you need to take an ankle series of x-ray?
pain in the malleolar zone and any of these findings:
bone tenderness at A
bone tenderness at B
inability to bear weight immediately and in the emergency department (or physician's office).
according to the Ottawa criteria, when do you get a foot series of x-rays?

***
if a patient has pain in the midfoot zone and any of these findings:
bone tenderness at C
bone tenderness at D
inability to bear weight immediately and in the emergency department (or physician's office).
what is a high ankle sprain?
disruption of syndesmosis; should be 5mm or less
patient continues to have swelling and pain in the area of the ankle after weeks of it occurring. What is a possible cause?
Osteochondritis Dessicans- chip fracture of talus, may be undiagnosed, but prevents normal healing of ankle.
patient has a complete rupture of a muscle. What should you do?
send to an orthopedic surgeon
patient has a grade III sprain what should you do?
send to orthopedic surgeon
should severe grade II sprains see an orthopedic surgeon?
probably
Treatment of inversion ankle sprain?
PRICEM

Protect with crutches/splinting as necessary

Relative rest- active range of motion exercises as soon as pain permits

Ice helps reduce inflammation.
Compression- ACE wrap or U-shaped Compression pad

Elevation- of extremity above heart.

Manipulation/Manipulation
you have a patient with a grade I sprain, do you brace? grade II?
Grade I: you can, but don't have to

Grade II: you absolutely have to
if a patient has a grade II or I sprain, what is the most appropriate OMT treatment?
indirect myofacial release
what is stage 1 for acute rehab for inversion ankle sprains?
RICE
what is stage 2 for acute rehab for inversion ankle sprains?
Subacute (Pain-free range of motion)
Initiate non-weight bearing exercises
Proprioceptive training (Biomechanical Ankle Platform system Board, Wobble-Board-seated)
what is stage 3 for acute rehab for inversion ankle sprains?
Restorative
Single-leg balance
Heel raises/toe raises
Pronation and supination exercises
what is stage 4 for acute rehab for inversion ankle sprains?
Activity and function
Initiate agility drills
Frontal plane reactive drill
Heel and toe walking
Return to sport training