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47 Cards in this Set
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epiphysis
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the expanded articular end of a long bone, from 2nd ossification center
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physis
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segment of tubular bone concered with longitudinal growth
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metaphysis
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the widened part of extremity of shaft, adjacent to epiphysis
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diaphysis
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between epiphysis
(shaft) formed from 1 ossification center |
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apophysis
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normal developmental outgrowth of bone, from separate ossification center, fuses later in development, nb insertion for tendon or lig
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dysplasia
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abnormality of development
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dystrophy
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disorder of defective nutrition
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exostosis
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benign bony growth projecting outwards from surface of bone
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osteolysis
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destruction of bone caused by disease or infection/ inadequate blood supply. Dissolution of bone and abn dec in bone density
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antalgic
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counteracting/avoiding pain en antalgic gait lessens pain
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arthralgia
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pain in joint
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causalgia
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constant burning pain, injury to peripheral nerve, pt of complex regional pain syndrome
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metatarsalgia
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pain&tenderness in metatarsal region. in planter aspect of foot & localised over metatarsal heads
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myalgia
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pain in muscle/groups
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neuralgia
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pain along course of nerve
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involucrum
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layer of new bone growth outside existing bone seen in OM
contains sequestum of necrosed bone |
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sequestrum
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necrotic bone which has become walled off from its blood supply, nidus for chronic osteomyelitis
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arthritis
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disease causing painful infl and stiffness in joint
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gon-arthritis
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inflammation of KNEE joint
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arthrodesis
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surgical fixation of joint, fusion by promoting proliferation of bone cells
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arthroplasty
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surgical refashioning of joint
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arthrotomy
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surgical incision of joint, remove infected substances
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osteochrondritis
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infl of BONE and CARTILAGE
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osteolysis
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destruction of bone caused by dx or infection or inadequate blood supply, bone dissolves and density decreases
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osteophyte
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osseous outgrowth in response to micro instability of joint
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osteoporosis
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systemic, low bone mass and mirco architectural deterioration
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plasmacytoma
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localised myeloma
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osteopenia
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decr. in bone mass
insufficient compensation for N bone lysis |
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osteomalacia
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delayed mineralisation of osteoid in mature cortical and spongy bone
adult rickets |
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oteoblasts
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builds bone (type of fibroblast)
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osteoclast
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Chew bone
active when around PTH increase bone resorption and release bone salts |
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osteotomy
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surgical cutting of bone
allows realignment |
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osteoarthritis
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non infl degenerative joint dx in older people
degeneration of articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at margins and changes in synovial membrane |
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osteophyte
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osseous outgrowth in response to micro instability of joint (stabilising response)
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osteosclerosis (*)
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hardening
abnormal increase in bone density |
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subluxation
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incomplete or partial dislocation (loss of congruity) of a joint (between articular surfaces)
cartilage still in contact |
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ankylosis
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immobility and consolidation of joint
dt dx, injury or surgical procedures |
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osteitis
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inflammation of bone, involving haversian spaces, canals and their branches and medullary cavity
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osteomyelitis
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inflammation of bone caused by infection
usually pyogenic organism spread to involve marrow, cortex, cancellous tissue and periosteum |
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heterotropic ossification
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process by which bone tissue forms outside skeleton
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dislocation
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total loss of congruity between articular surfaces
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varus
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inward angulation of distal segment of bone or joint
VARUS= AIRus, AIR inbetween spaces eg. bowlegged |
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volkmann contractures
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permanent flexion contracture of thehand at the wrist, resulting in a claw-like deformity of the hand and fingers
associated with supracondylar # |
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neuropraxia
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temporary paralysis of nerve caused by lack of blood flow or P with no loss of structural continuity
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axonotmesis
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neural tube intact, axons distrupted, nerves likely to recover
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neurotmesis
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neural tube severed, injuries permanent without repair
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arthrogryposis
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non progressive congenital dx involving multiple rigid joints (usually sym.) leading to severe limitation in motion
absence of skin creases |
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