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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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how many type of muscular tissue are there, and what are they?
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1. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
2. Cardiac Muscle Tissue 3. Smooth muscle Tissue |
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describe the properties of the different types of muscular tissue
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1. Skeletal Muscle Tissue - voluntary, striated.
2. Cardiac Muscle Tissue – invol, striated 3. Smooth muscle Tissue – smooth (non striated) usually involuntary. |
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describe 4 functions of muscular tissue
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1. Producing body mvt
2. stabilizing body mvt 3. Storing and moving substances within the body. Through smooth muscles = sphincters. Ie food in stomach, urine in bladder. Cardiac muscle pumps blood, moves bile etc. 4. Generating heat – as muscle contracts it produces heat. Thermogenesis. |
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describe 4 properties of muscular tissue
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1. Electrical excitability
2. Contractility 3. Extensibility 4. Elasticity |
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Define Fascia
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* a sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue that supports and surrounds muscles and other organs of the body
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What types of fascia are there?
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Superficial and Deep
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Define Superficial fascia
Other names? composed of? Function? |
*separates skin from muscle
* also called hypodermis or subcutaneous *composed of areolar conn. tissue and adipose tissue *provides pathway for nerves, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels to enter and exit the muscle. * adipose tissue stores most of the body's triglycerides |
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function of adipose tissue
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* adipose tissue stores most of the body's triglycerides
* serves as an insulating layer to reduce heat loss * protects muscles from physical trauma |
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What is the epimysium
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the outermost layer of the deep fascia.
fibrous dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle |
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what is the perimysium
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the middle layer of the deep fascia. Surrounds groups of 10 - 100 muscle fibres, separating them into fascicles.
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what is the endomysium
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separates individual muscle fibres from one another.
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what are the function(s) of the epimysium, perimysium and endomysium?
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all continuous with and contribute collagenous fibres to connective tissue for muscle attachment.
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what is a tendon
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a cord of connective tissue that attaches a muscles to the periosteum of a bone
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what is an aponeurosis?
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a type of tendon, where the connective tissue elements extend as a broad flat layer ie epicranial aponeurosis on top of the skull.
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What is the sarcolemma?
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the plasma membrane of a muscle cell
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What is the sarcoplasm?
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The cytoplasm of the muscle fibre. Includes a substantial amount of glycogen.
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What is found within the sarcoplasm?
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substantial amounts of glycogen - used for synthesis of ATP.
Also contains - myoglobin - a red-coloured protein - and binds with oxygen molecules for release when needed by the mitochondria for ATP production. |
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What are myofibrils?
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The contractile organelles of the muscle fibre. Consist of 2 types of myofilaments - thick and thin.
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Do myofilaments extend the entire length of the myofibril?
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No - they are arranged in compartments called sarcomeres.
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What are sarcomeres?
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compartments along myofibrils - the basic functional unit of a myofibril, separated by Z discs.
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What are A bands?
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the middle part of the sarcomere and extends the entire length of the thick filaments. Contains some portion of the thin filaments.
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What are I bands?
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The area that contains the rest of the thin filaments, but no thick filaments.
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H zone
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contains thick filaments only.
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