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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Origin |
The attachment of a muscle tendon to the stationary bone |
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Insertion |
The attachment of the other muscle tendon to the movable bone -origins are usually proximal and the insertion is distal |
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Muscle Belly |
The fleshy portion of the muscle between origin and insertion -most muscle belly are found on the stationary bone -most muscles cross only one joint |
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Biomechanics of Body Movement |
--Bones are like levers the depend on muscles to create motion against resistance |
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Lever |
Rigid rod that moves about on a fixed point called a fulcrum |
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Fulcrum |
Fixed point, the joint |
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Resistance |
The force that opposes movement -weight of body part or object being acted on or the tension from opposing muscles |
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Effort |
Muscular contraction that produce movement -motion occurs when the effort exceeds resistance |
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First Class Lever |
The fulcrum is between the effort and resistance -operates like a seesaw ex:raising your hand |
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Second Class Lever |
The resistance is between the effort and fulcrum -operates like a wheelbarrow ex: rising up on the toes |
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Third Class Lever |
The effort is between fulcrum and the resistance -most common lever ex: flexing the forearm |
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Against |
Primary muscle that causes a desired action -also called the Prime mover |
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Antagonist |
This muscle has an action opposite to the agonist -when the agonist contracts, the antagonist will stretch |
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Synergist |
Muscles that aids the agonist in its action |
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Location |
Specific region in the body ex: occipitalis- found on the occipital bone |
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Direction |
Orientation if muscle relative to the body line ex: rectus femoris- parellel to the femur |
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Size |
Relative size of muscle ex: gluteus maximus- largest gluteal muscle |
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Shape |
Relative shape of muscle ex: trapezius- trapezoid shape muscle on the neck |
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Action |
Principle movement of muscle ex: flexor carpi radialis- flexes the writdt |
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Number of Origins |
Amount of tendon attachments ex: bicep brachii- two attachments
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