Muscles Of The Spine And Thorax

Front 1

Erector Spinae Group A

Back 1

Bilaterally: extends the vertebral column
Unilaterally: laterally flexes vertebral column to the same side

Front 2

Erector Spinae Group O

Back 2

Common tendon (thoracolumbar aponeurosis) attaching to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae

Front 3

Erector Spinae Group I

Back 3

various attachment at posterior ribs, spinous and transverse processes of the lumbar and last two throacic veterbrae

Front 4

Spinalis of Erector Spinae O

Back 4

Spinoous processes of upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C-7

Front 5

Spinalis of Erector Spinae I

Back 5

Spinous process of upper thoracic and cervicals except C-1

Front 6

Longissimus of Erector Spinae O

Back 6

Common tendon and transverse processes of upper five thoracic bertebrae

Front 7

Longissimus of Erector Spinae I

Back 7

Lower nine ribs and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae
Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Mastoid process of temporoal bone

Front 8

Iliocostalis of Erector Spinae O

Back 8

Common tendon (lumborum)
Posterior surface of ribs 6-12

Front 9

Iliocostalis of Erector Spinae I

Back 9

Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and posterior surface of ribs 6-12
Posterior surface of ribs 1-6
Transverse processes of lower cervicals

Front 10

Multifidi and Rotatores A

Back 10

Extend the vertebral column
Rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side

Front 11

Mulitifidi and Rotatores O

Back 11

Sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae

Front 12

Multifidi I

Back 12

Spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae- two to four vertabrae

Front 13

Rotatores I

Back 13

Spinous process of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae- one to tow vertebrae

Front 14

Semispinalis A

Back 14

Extends the vertebral column and head

Front 15

Semispinalis O

Back 15

Transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae, articular process of lower cervicals

Front 16

Semispinalis I

Back 16

Spinous processes of upper thoracic cervicals (except C-1_ and superior nuchal line of occiput

Front 17

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Unilateral A

Back 17

Rotate the head to the same side
Laterally flex the head and neck

Front 18

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Bilateral A

Back 18

Extend the head and neck

Front 19

Splenius Capitis O

Back 19

Ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C-7 to T-3

Front 20

Splenius Cercicis O

Back 20

Spinous processes to T-3 to T-6

Front 21

Splenius Capitis I

Back 21

Mastiod process, lateral nuchal line

Front 22

Splenius Cervicis I

Back 22

Transverse processes of the pper cervical vertebrae

Front 23

Suboccipitals A

Back 23

Rock and tilt the head back into extension (all but oblique capitis inferior)
Rotate the head to the same side (rectus capitis posterior major and obliques capitis inferior only)

Front 24

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major O

Back 24

Spinous proces of the axis

Front 25

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major I

Back 25

Inferior nuchal line of hte occiput

Front 26

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor O

Back 26

Tubercle of the posterior arch of the atlas

Front 27

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor I

Back 27

Inferiro nuchal line of the occiput

Front 28

Oblique Capitis Superior O

Back 28

Transverse process of the atlas C-1

Front 29

Oblique Capitis Superior I

Back 29

Between the nuchal lines of the occiput

Front 30

Oblique Capitis Inferior O

Back 30

Spinous process of the axis

Front 31

Oblique Captis Inferior I

Back 31

Transverse process of hte atlas

Front 32

Quadratus Lumborum Unilateral A

Back 32

Elevates the hip
Laterally flexes the vetebral column
Assists to extend the vertebral column

Front 33

Quadratus Lumborum Bilateral A

Back 33

Fixes the last rib during respiration

Front 34

Quadratus Lumborum O

Back 34

Posterior iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament

Front 35

Quadratus Lumborum I

Back 35

Last rib, transverse processes of first through fourth lumbar vertebrae

Front 36

Rectus Abdominis A

Back 36

Flexes the vertebral column

Front 37

Rectus Abdominis O

Back 37

Pubic crest, pubic symphsis

Front 38

Rectus Abdominis I

Back 38

Cartilage fo 5-7th ribs and xiphoid process

Front 39

External Oblique Bilateral A

Back 39

Flexes the vertebral column
Compresses abdominal contents

Front 40

External Oblique Unilateral A

Back 40

Laterally flexes vertebral column to the same side
Rotates vertebral column to the opposite side

Front 41

External Oblique O

Back 41

Lower 8 ribs

Front 42

External Oblique I

Back 42

Anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

Front 43

Internal Oblique Bilateral A

Back 43

Flexes the vetebral column
Compresses abdominal contents

Front 44

Internal Oblique Unilateral A

Back 44

Laterally flexes vertebral column to the same side
Rotates vertebral column to same side

Front 45

Internal Oblique O

Back 45

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thorocloumbar fascia

Front 46

Internal Oblique I

Back 46

Cartilage of bottom three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

Front 47

Transverse Abdominis A

Back 47

Compresses abdominal contents

Front 48

Transverse Abdominis O

Back 48

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoroacolumbar fascia, cartilage of lower six ribs

Front 49

Transverse Abdominis I

Back 49

Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

Front 50

Diaphragm A

Back 50

Draws down the central tendon of diaphragm
Increase the volume of thoracic cavity

Front 51

Diaphragm O

Back 51

Costal: inner surface of lower six ribs
Lumbar: upper two or three lumbar vertebrae
Stermal: inner part of xiphoid process

Front 52

Diaphragm I

Back 52

Central tendon

Front 53

External Intercostals A

Back 53

Draw the ventral part of the ribs upward, increasing the space of the thoracic cavity

Front 54

Internal Intercostals A

Back 54

Draw the ventral part of the ribs downward, decrasing the space of the thoracic cavity

Front 55

Intercostals O

Back 55

Inferior border of the rib above

Front 56

Intercostals I

Back 56

Superior border of the rib below