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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three muscles associated with Thyroid cartilage?
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1. thyrohyoid muscle
2. cricothyroid muscle 3. sternothyroid muscle |
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What are the two most superficial muscles above the thyrohyoid muscle, cricothyroid muscle, and sternothyroid muscle?
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1. sternothyroid muscle
2. omohyoid muscle |
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Out of the three pharyngeal constrictor muscles which one is associated with the nasophryngeal region?
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superior pharyngeal constrictor
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Out of the three pharyngeal constrictor muscles which one is associated with the laryngeal pharynx region?
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inferior pharyngeal constrictor
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Out of the three pharyngeal constrictor muscles which one is associated with the oral pharyngeal region?
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middle pharyngeal constrictor
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The middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle attaches to the _______.
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hyoid bone
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The inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle attaches to the _______ and _________.
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thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage
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The part of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle that attaches to the cricoid cartilage is called ____.
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cricopharyngeus muscle
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The part of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle that attaches to the thyroid cartilage is called ____.
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thyrophryngeus muscle
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What are the major nerves of the neck?
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accesory
cervical plexus brachial plexus |
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What are the functions of the accessory nerve?
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innervate sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles of the neck
motor nerves innervate soft palate, pharyngeal constrictors, and larynx |
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What are the suprahyoid muscles and their nerve connections?
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digastric (facial, trigeminal nerve)
mylohyoid (trigeminal nerve) stylohyoid (facial nerve) geniohyoid (hypoglossal nerve) |
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What are the infrahyoid muscles and their nerve connections?
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sternohyoid (ansa cervicalis)
sternothyroid (ansa cervicalis) thyrohyoid (hypoglossal nerve) omohyoid (ansa cervicalis) |
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What muscles does the facial nerve innervate?
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innervates the muscles of facial expression, , the digastric posterior belly, and stylohyoid muscles
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What is the structure of the trigeminal nerve?
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most lateral nerve from superior pons
splits into opthalmic, macillary, mandibular (most lateral) |
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What is the structure of the facial nerve?
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posterior superior to the medulla oblongata (wraps around)
anterior auperior portion of internal acoustic meatus facial canal in temporal bone stylomastoid foramen geniculate ganglion |
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What is the structure of the vestibulochoclear nerve?
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vestibulo (posterior) and cohchlear (anterior inferior) portions join after internal acoustic meastus
lateral superior medulla oblongata |
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What is the structure of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
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most superior lateral to olive on the medulla oblongata
passes through jugular foramen |
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What is the structure of the vagus nerve?
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middle lateral to olvie nerve on medulla oblongata
passes through jugular foramen |
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What is the structure of the accesory nerve?
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most inferior lateral to olive on the medulla oblongata
passes through the jugular foramen |
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What is the structure of the hypoglossal nerve?
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lateral to the pyramid and medial to the olive of the medulla oblongata
passes through hypoglossal canal mylohyoid muscles |
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What are the cell bodies of the facial nerve?
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motor nucleus (facial colliculus posterior pons)
superior salivatory nucleus (edge of pons and medulla oblongata) geniculate ganglion |
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What are the cell bodies of the vestibulocochlear nerve?
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vestibular and cochlear nuclei (lateral edge of inferior pons)
vestibular ganglion spiral ganglion |
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What are the cell bodies of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
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nucleus ambiguus (middle lateral medulla)
inferior salivary nucleus (medulla) inferior ganglion superior ganglion |
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What are the cell bodies of the vagus nerve?
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nucleus ambiguus (middle lateral medulla)
dorsal nucleus (medulla) inferior ganglion superior ganglion |
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What are the cell bodies of the accesory nerve?
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spinal cord (cervical)
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What are the cell bodies of the hypoglossal nerve?
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nucleus (middle medial medulla)
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What are the chief functions of the facial nerves?
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motor nucleus-facial expression (SVE)
superior salivatory nucleus-lacrimal and salivary secretion (GVE) geniculate ganglion-(sensation from palate GVA, auricle and external meatus GSA, hearing SSA) |
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What are the chief functions of the vestibulocochlear nerves?
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vestibular-equilibrium (SSA)
spiral-hearing (SSA) |
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What are the chief functions of the glossopharengeal nerves?
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nucleus ambiguus-elevation of pharynx (SVE)
inferior salivary-secretion of saliva (GVE) inferior ganglion-carotid sinus GVA, taste from posterior one-third of tongue SVA) superior ganglion-external ear (GSA) |
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What are the chief functions of the vagus nerves?
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nucleus ambiguus-muscles of pharynx (SVE)
dorsal nucleus-smooth muscles in thoracic and abdominal visceral (GVE) infeiro ganglion-sensation in lover neck (GVA), taste on epiglottis (SVA) susperior ganglion-auricle and external acoustic meatus (GSA) |
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What are the chief functions of the acessory nerves?
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sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles (SVE)
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What are the chief functions of the hypoglossal nerves?
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muscles of movements of the tongue (GSE)
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What is cranial nerve XII?
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hypoglossal
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What is cranial nerve XI?
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acessory
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What is cranial nerve X?
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vagus
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What is cranial nerve IX?
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glossopharengeal
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What is cranial nerve VIII?
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vestibulocochlear
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What is cranial nerve VII?
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facial nerve
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What is cranial nerve V?
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trigeminal
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CN V carries ________ information
from oral cavity, and sends ______ fibers to the muscles of mastication. |
Sensory; efferent (Conveying away from a center)
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CN V is the motor to the muscles ________ and _______ that aid in the retraction of tongue during swallowing.
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digastric and mylohyoid
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Cranial Nerve Classification
GSA - General Somatic Afferent Nerves - |
sensory nerves involved in communicating the sensory info . from skin, muscles and joints, including pain and temperature
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Cranial Nerve Classification
SSA - Special Somatic Afferent Nerves |
serve special body senses such as vision and hearing
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Cranial Nerve Classification
GVA - General Visceral Afferent Nerves |
transmit sensory informaiton from receptors in visceral structures such as the digestive tract
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Cranial Nerve Classification
SVA - Special Visceral Afferent Nerves |
provide information from the special visceral senses of taste and smell
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Cranial Nerve Classification
GVE- General Visceral Efferent Nerves |
autonomic fibers serving viscera and glands
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Cranial Nerve Classification
GSE- General Somatic Efferent Nerves |
Provide innervations of skeletal muscle and are important for speech production.
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Cranial Nerve Classification
SVE - Special Visceral Efferent Nerves |
involved with innervation of the larynx, pharynx, soft palate, face, and muscles of mastication
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INNERVATION of INFRAHYOID MUSCLES
(except thryrohyoid) |
ANSA CERVICALIS
C1, C2, C3 |
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Distinguish 2 buccal branches
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Buccal branch of FACIAL n. (MOTOR innervation of buccinator)
Buccal branch of mandibular division of TRIGEMINAL n. (SENSORY innervation to facial skin) |
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Ramus sandwich
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Superficial to deep:
Masseter, ramus of mandible, Medial pterygoid muscle |
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In which fossa does the medial pterygoid reside?
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INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
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Movement of SCM that tests viability of CN XI
(is this contraction unilateral or bilateral?) |
ay head on shoulder and rotate chin to opposite side
unilateral contraction |
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A pin inserted upward into the midline underneath the chin would pierce...
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mylohyoid
geniohyoid tongue |
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A pin inserted upward lateral to the midline underneath the chin would pierce...
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anterior belly of the digastric
mylohyoid geniohyoid tongue |
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CONTENTS of SUBMANDIBULAR TRIANGLE
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SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND (largest structure),
HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE SUBMANDIBULAR LYMPH NODES |
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NERVE derives from SECOND (Hyoid) ARCH
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FACIAL NERVE (CN VII)
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MUSCLES derived from SECOND (Hyoid) ARCH
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Muscles of FACIAL EXPRESSION)
Posterior belly of digastric Stylohyoid Stapedius |
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MUSCLES dervied from FIRST (Mandibular) Pharyngeal ARCH
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MYLOHYOID
ANTERIOR BELLY OF DIGASTRIC TENSOR VELI PALATINI TENSOR TYMPANI |
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BONES derived from SECOND (Hyoid) ARCH
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Stapes
Styloid process Stylohyoid ligament upper portion of Hyloid bone |
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NERVE derived from THIRD ARCH
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Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)
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MUSCLES derived from THIRD ARCH
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Stylopharyngeus
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BONE derived from THIRD ARCH
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lower portion of hyoid bone
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NERVE derived from FOURTH THROUGH SIXTH ARCHES
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VAGUS (CN X)
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MUSCLES derived from FOURTH THROUGH SIXTH ARCHES
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CRICOTHYROID
LEVATOR VELI PALATINI PHARYNX CONSTRICTORS INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF LARYNX |
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"Say AH" tests...
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UVULA
proper innervation by VAGUS N. if one-sided weakness, will deviate towards stronger side of soft palate |
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MOTOR innervation to TONGUE muscles
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VAGUS NERVE (CN X)
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Sensory innervation to papillae of tongue
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CN IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve)
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The only tongue muscle (extrinsic or intrinsic) not innervated by the Facial Nerve is the _____ (it is innervated by the ____)
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Palatoglossus
VAGUS |
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From what structure does the Facial Nerve emerge?
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Parotid Gland
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General sensation of mucosa of anterior 2/3 of tongue
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(mandibular division of CN V)
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Taste on anterior 2/3 of tonue (except vallate papillae)
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(CN VII)
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General sensation and taste on posterior 1/2 of tongue
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Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
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Stylopharyngeus is innverated by __________.
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Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
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Valleculae
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Paired depressions between glossoepiglottic folds
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only laryngeal muscle innervated by external branc of superior laryngeal nerve
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Cricothyroid muscle
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Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve carries
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sensory and autonomic fibers to larynx
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What cranial nerve sends branches to the larynx?
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VAGUS N.
(CN X) |
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What structure is at C3?
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HYOID BONE
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HYLOID BONE
At what vertebral level is the Hyloid Bone found? |
c3
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The hard palate lines up with what cranial aperture?
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FORAMEN MAGNUM
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Recurrent laryngeal provides ____ innervation to the _______
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Recurrent laryngeal provides MOTOR innervation to the INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE LARYNX
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C6 as landmark
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end of pharynx - beginning of esophagus
end of larynx - beginning of trachea |
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Nerve innervating tongue muscles (except palatoglossus)
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Hypoglossus (CN XII)
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What muscles are used to produce /k, g, j/?
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- *Styloglossus
- *Genioglossus - Inferior Longitudinal |
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What muscles are used to produce /t, d, n/?
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- Superior Longitudinal
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What muscles are used to produce /th/ vs. /sh/?
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th= Genioglossus
sh= Genioglossus & Vertical |
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What muscles are used to produce /s,z/?
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- Genioglossus
- Superior Longitudinal - Transverse - Vertical - Styloglossus - Palatoglossus |
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What muscles are used to produce /l/?
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- Superior Longitudinal
- Transverse - Styloglossus - Palatoglossus |
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Instrinsic Tongue muscles?
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1. Superior Longitudinal
2. Inferior Longitudinal 3. Vertical 4. Transverse |
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Extrinsic Tongue Muscles?
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1. Syloglossus
2. Hyoglossus 3. Genioglossus 4. Palatoglossus |
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What are the muscles of mastication? (elevators/depressors)
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Evelators:
1. Temporalis 2. Massester 3. Medial Pterygoid Depressors: 1. Lateral Pterygoid |
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What is the only depressor for mastication?
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Lateral Pterygoid
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