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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What muscles make up the Splenius Group? |
Splenius capitis
Splenius cervicis |
There are two
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What is the function of the splenius capitis?
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Extension of the head and neck, rotation to same side
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What is the origin and insertion of the splenius capitis?
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O-SP of C7-T1
I-lateral occipital bone |
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What is the function of the splenius cervicis?
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Extension of head and neck, rotation to same side
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What is the origin and insertion of the splenius cervicis?
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O-SPof T3-T6
I-TP of upper 2-4 cervical vertebrae |
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What muscles make up the Erector spinae group?
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ilicostalis, longissimus, and spinalis
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There are three
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Describe the Splenius group of muscles?
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they attach to the head, most superficial, they act as bandage over deep muscles, they arise midline and run lateral
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What is the function of the ilocostalis muscle?
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Extension of the vertebral column
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What is the origin and insertion of the iliocostalis muscle?
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O-ilolumbar fascia to lower ribs, lower ribs to upper ribs
I-TP of cervical vertebrae |
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What is the function of the longissimus muscle?
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Extension of the head and vertebral column
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What is the origin and insertion of the longissimus muscle?
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O-SP of upper lumbar to TP to TP
I-Occipital bone |
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What is the function of the spinalis muscle?
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Extension of the head and vertebral column
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What is the origin and insertion of the spinalis muscle?
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O-SP of L2-T11, SP to SP
I-occipital bone |
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Name the Erector spinae group of muscles, from lateral to medial
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Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
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"I like spines"
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Which way do the Erector spinae group of muscles run?
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straight up and down
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Where are the Erector spinae muscles in relation to the Splenius muscles?
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They lie just deep to the Splenius group
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Name the muscles in the Transversospinalis group?
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Semispinalis, and multifidus
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There are two
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What is the function of the semispinalis muscle?
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Extension of the neck and head, also rotation to the opposite side of the muscle action
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What is the origin and insertion of the semispinalis muscle?
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O-T1 on TP
I-4-6 levels from their origin up to the occipital bone |
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What is the function of the multifidus muscle?
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small movements of extension between vertebrae, and extension of the vertebral column
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What is the origin and insertion of the multifidus?
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O-posterior surface of sacrum, TP of lumbar and thoracic vertebrae
I-SP of all vertebrae up to C2, skips 2-4 levels |
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Describe the transversospinalis muscle group?
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they run TP-SP, they run deep to the erector spinae group, they are shorter in length than other groups, they run laterally to medially
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Name the muscles in the Suboccipital group?
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Rectus capitis posterior minor, rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior
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there are 4
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Where are the suboccipital muscles in relation to the other extensor muscle groups?
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They are the deepest group
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What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?
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synovial and bicondylar
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Where are the articulations of the temporomandibular joint?
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the mandible and temporal bone
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What are the movements of the temporomandibular joint?
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elevation-closure
depression-opening protrusion-jut out bottom jaw (underbite) retraction-bring back(overbite) rotation or lateral movements-side to side |
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What are the muscles of mastification?
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Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid
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There are 4
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What is the function of the temporalis muscle?
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elevates and closes jaw
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What is the origin and insertion of the temporalis?
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O-temporal fossa
I-coronoid process of mandible |
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What is the origin and insertion of the temporalis?
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O-temporal fossa
I-coronoid process of mandible |
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What is the function of the masseter muscle?
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elevates mandible
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What is the origin and insertion of the masseter muscle?
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O-Zygomatic process, temporal bone, and Zygomatic bone
I-angle of lateral surface of ramus of mandible |
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What is the function of the medial pterygoid muscle?
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side to side movement and assists in elevation
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What is the origin and insertion of the pterygoid muscle?
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O-medial portion of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
I-medial surface of angle of mandible |
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What is the function of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
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protrudes mandible, assists in depression
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What is the origin and insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
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O-lateral pterygoid plate and wing of sphenoid
I-Anterior part of mandibular condyle |
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What are some of the muscles of facial expression?
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orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, nasalis, platysma
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What is the funcion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
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separately-rotation to the opposite side
together-neck flexion |
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What is the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
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O-manubrium of sternum and medial 1/3 of clavicle
I-mastoid process of temporal bone |
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What are the ventral muscles of the cervical body wall?
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Hyoid muscles
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What is the importance of the hyoid muscles?
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they are involved in swallowing(like Adam's apple, support hyoid bone)
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Name the lateral muscles of the cervical body wall?
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scalenes(external, middle, and inner layer)
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What is the origin, insertion, and function of the external layer of the scalene muscles?
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O-TP's of last 2-3 cervical vertebrae
I-second rib A-lateral flexion |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the middle layer of the scalene muscles?
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O-TP's of last 6 cervical vertebrae
I-first rib A-lateral flexion |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the inner layer of the lateral scalene muscles?
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O-C3-C6 TP's
I-first rib A-lateral flexion |
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Where do the scalene muscles sit in relation to each other?
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external layer(posterior), sits most posterior
middle layer(middle) inner layer(anterior), sits most anterior |
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What is the subvertebral muscle of the cervical body wall?
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Longus colli
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the longus colli?
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O-anterior tubercles of 3rd-5th cervical vertebrae and bodies of lower cervical and 1st three thoracic vertebrae
I-anterior surface of cervical vertebrae bodies A-flexion of cervical vertebrae |
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What are the muscles of the thoracic body wall?
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Rectus sternalis, external intercostals, and diaphragm
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Describe the rectus sternalis. (The ventral muscle of the thoracic body wall)
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It attaches from the lower costal cartilages to upper sternum and costal cartilages, it is absent in 75% of population, it has no significant actions
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What is the origin, insertion,action, and orientation of the external intercostals? (the lateral muscles of the thoracic body wall)
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O-inferior border of rib
I-superior border of rib A-pulls ribs together orientation: angled downward and to the front; fills whole space front to back/top to bottom |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and orientation, of the middle internal intercostals?
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O-inferior border of rib
I-superior border of rib A-pulls ribs together orientation-angled downward and to the back; between ext. and int. layers |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and orientation of the innermost intercostals?
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O-inferior border of rib
I-superior border of rib A-pulls ribs together orientation-generally straight up and down; doesn't reach all the way to sternum or vertebral column |
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What is the origin,insertion, and action of the diaphragm?
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O-inner surface of xiphoid process, costal cartilages, ribs, & lumbar vertebrae
I-central tendon of diaphragm A-breathing; when activated it flattens out (it is barrier between throracic and abdominal cavities) |
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Is the Longus colli muscle part of the cervical and thoracic body wall groups?
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Yes
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Name the muscles of the abdominal body wall.
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Rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, and quadratus lumborum, and psoas major
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and structure of the rectus abdominis? (the ventral muscle of the abdominal body wall)
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O-crest of pubis
I-costal cartilage of ribs 5,6, and7 A-pulls rib cage downward in the process flexes the lumbar vertebral column structure-tendenous intersections: segmented linea alba: the white line, separates 2 muscles; a line of connective tissue |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and architecture of the external oblique? (the lateral muscle of abdominal body group)
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O-external surfaces & inferior borders of lower 8 ribs
I-Linea alba; superficial to rectus abdominis A-rotation to opposite side architecture-Inguinal Ligament: bottom tendonous edge of this muscle Aponeurosis: a flat fibrous sheet of CT that attaches mm to bone or other tissue; fascia "hands in pockets" |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the internal oblique? (lateral abdominal wall muscle)
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O-Lateral 1/2 inguinal ligament, anterior portion of iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
I-costal cartilage of last 4 ribs and linea alba; surrounds rectus abdominis A:rotation to same side |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the transversus abdominis? (lateral muscle of abdominal wall)
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O-lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament, anterior iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, cartilage of last 6 ribs
I-linea alba; deep to rectus abdominus A-compresses abdomen |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Quadratus lumborum? (lateral muscle of the abdominal body wall)
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O-Posterior iliac crest
I-medial 1/2 12th rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae A-Extension and lateral flexion |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Psoas major muscle? (subvertebral muscle of abdominal body wall)
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O-lumbar vertebral bodies
I-lesser trochanter of femur A-flexion at hip joint, assists in lateral rotation |
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Name the Scapular muscles?
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Rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levator scapulae, trapezius, serratus anterior, pectoralis minor, and subclavius
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There are 7
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What is the origin, action, function, structure, and relationship of the rhomboid major?
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O-spinous processes of T2-5
I-Lower 1/2 of medial border of scapula A-Retraction(adduction); downward rotation Structure-flat, sheet-like Relationships-deep to trapezius |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, structure, and relationships of the rhomboid minor?
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O-SP's of C7-T1
I-Upper part of medial border of scapula A-Retraction(adduction):downward rotation Structure-thin, sheet-like Relationship-Deep to trap |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, structure, and relationship of the levator scapulae?
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O-TP's of C1-4
I-Superior angle of scapula A-elevates, lateral flexion of neck Structure-rounded little mass Relationship-deep to trapezius |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, structure, and relationship of the trapezius?
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O-occipital bone, SP's of C7 and all thoracic vertebrae
I-lateral 1/3 clavicle, spine, and acromion of scapula A-upward rotation, retraction(adduction),assists in elevation Structure-actually 4 sided muscle, thin sheet Relationship-most superficial |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, structure, and relationship of the serratus anterior?
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O-outer surface of first 8-9 ribs
I-anterior edge of medial border of scapula A-protraction(abduction), upward rotation Structure-big sheet Relationship-wedged between rib cage and scapula |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, structure, and relationship of the pectoralis minor?
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O-sternal end of ribs 3,4, and5
I-coracoid process of scapula A-downard rotation, protraction(abduction), depression Structure-thin, sheet-like, fans out Relationship-Underneath pectoralis major |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the subclavius?
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O-Superior surface of junction of 1st rib and its cartilage
I-groove on inferior surface of middle of clavicle A-downward rotation of clavicle |
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