Muscles Of Mastication And Facial Expression

Front 1

What are the main muscles of mastication?

Back 1

masseter
temporalis
medial and lateral pterygoid

Front 2

What are the accessory muscles of mastication?

Back 2

digastric
mylohyoid

Front 3

What are the points of origin and insertion of masseter?

Back 3

origin: zygomatic arch
insertion: ramus of mandible

Front 4

Masseter is supplied by which nerve?

Back 4

masseteric nerve of mandibular division of V3

Front 5

When is masseter most active?

Back 5

during clinching and during forceful phase of a chewing cycle

Front 6

What is the function of masseter?

Back 6

elevator of mandible

Front 7

What are the points of origin and insertion of temporalis?

Back 7

origin: temporal fossa
insertion: coronoid process of the mandible

Front 8

Temporalis muscle is innervated by which nerve?

Back 8

temporal branches of anterior trunk of V3

Front 9

What motions does temporalis allow?

Back 9

elevation of the mandible
retrusion of the mandible

Front 10

What are the points of origin and insertion for upper head of lateral pterygoid?

Back 10

origin: infratemporal surface of the greater wing of sphenoid
insertion: articular disc and capsule of the TMJ

Front 11

What are the points of origin and insertion for lower head of lateral pterygoid?

Back 11

origin: lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate
insertion: pterygoid fovea on the neck of the condyle of the mandible

Front 12

Describe the function of lateral pterygoid and state when it is most active

Back 12

it is a protruder and depressor (partly). It is most active during the power phase of a chewing cycle.

Front 13

When is lateral pterygoid most active?

Back 13

during power phase of chewing cycle

Front 14

What are the points of origin and insertion for deep head of medial pterygoid?

Back 14

origin: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate
insertion: medial surface of ramus and angle of the mandible

Front 15

What are the points of origin and insertion for superficial head of medial pterygoid?

Back 15

origin: lateral surface of the pyramidal process of the palatine bone and maxillary tuberosity
insertion: medial surface of ramus and angle of the mandible

Front 16

Medial pterygoid muscle is innervated by which nerve?

Back 16

by a branch from the mandibular nerve V3

Front 17

What is the main function of the medial pterygoid and when is it most active?

Back 17

Elevator and protruder. Most active during clenching of the teeth

Front 18

List the major muscles of mastication and briefly discuss the role played by the temporalis muscle in moving the mandible during mastication (6 marks)

Back 18

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial and lateral pterygoid

it is an elevator of the mandible
and retrudor of the mandible
Has three sections: posterior (horizontal), oblique middle and anterior (vertical). During closure the posterior activates, followed by the oblique middle and anterior.

Front 19

What are the points of insertion and origin for digastric muscle?

Back 19

Origin: mastoid process digastric notch
Insertion: digastric fossa of the mandible

Front 20

What are the actions provided by digastric muscle?

Back 20

elevates hyoid
depresses and retracts the mandible

Front 21

Myolohyoid can be refred to as the ___ ____

Back 21

oral diaphragm

Front 22

what nerve innervates myolohyoid?

Back 22

mandibular division of V

Front 23

what are the actions of mylohyoid?

Back 23

raises the floor of the oral cavity

elevates the hyoid bone

Front 24

What are the groups of muscles of facial expression?

Back 24

Muscles of lips and cheeks
muscles of the nose
muscles of the eyelid
muscles of the auricle of the ear
muscles of the scalp
platysma muscle

Front 25

Muscles of the lips and cheeks are divided into two groups. What are they?

Back 25

deep and superficial

Front 26

What are the muscles of superficial layer of the lips and cheeks?

Back 26

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
levator labii superioris
levator angulari oris
depressor labii inferioris
depressor angulari oris
zygomaticus major/minor
risorius
mentalis

Front 27

What are the deep layer muscles of the lips and cheeks?

Back 27

buccinator
orbicularis oris

Front 28

Back 28

a. levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
b. levator labii superioris
c. zygomaticus minor
d. zygomaticus major
e. levator anguli oris
f. buccinator
g. risorius
h. orbicularis oris
i. depressor anguli oris
j. depressor labii inferioris
k. mentalis

Front 29

Back 29

a. levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
b. levator labii superioris
c. zygomaticus minor
d. zygomaticus major
e. levator anguli oris
f. orbicularis oris
g. mentalis
h. depressor labii inferioris
i. depressor anguli oris

Front 30

What is modiolus?

Back 30

Convergence of superficial muscles to insert on a vertical musculotendinous raphe close to the corner of the mouth.

Front 31

What are the points of attachments of buccinator muscle?

Back 31

Origin: pterygomandibular raphe, alveolar margins of the maxilla and mandible
Insertion: obicularis oris and modiolus

Front 32

What is the name of structure which is dense fibrous connective tissue in the eyelid?

Back 32

tarsal plate

Front 33

Orbicularis oculi consists of two parts. These are?

Back 33

orbital part and palpebral part

Front 34

The orbicularis oculi muscles attaches to which points?

Back 34

via medial and lateral palpebral ligament to adjacent bones (medial and lateral side of the orbit)

Front 35

What are the differences in the role of orbital and palpebral fibres of orbiculris oculi?

Back 35

orbital: allows eye to frown
papbepral: allows gentle close of the eye

Front 36

What are the layers of the scalp?

Back 36

S: skin
C: connective tissue
A: aponeurosis
L: loose connective tissue
P: periosteum

Front 37

To which feature does frontalis attach to?

Back 37

procerus muscle

Front 38

Occipitalis attach to where?

Back 38

superior nuchal line of the occipital bone