Muscles Insertions Origins Actions Intervations

Front 1

Occipitofrontalis
Frontal Belly insertion?

Back 1

skin superior to supraorbital margin

Front 2

Occipitofrontalis
Frontal Belly origin?

Back 2

epicranial aponeurosis

Front 3

Occipitofrontalis
Frontal Belly action?

Back 3

draws scalp anteriorly, raises eyebrows and wrinkles the skin of forehead horizontally as in a look of suprise

Front 4

Occipitofrontalis
Frontal Belly innervation?

Back 4

Facial Nerve, CN VII

Front 5

Occipitofrontalis
Occipital belly insertion?

Back 5

epicranial aponeurosis

Front 6

Occipitofrontalis
Occipital Belly origin?

Back 6

occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone

Front 7

Occipitofrontalis
Occipital Belly action?

Back 7

draws scalp posteriorly

Front 8

Orbicularis Oris Origin?

Back 8

muscle fibers surrounding opening of the mouth

Front 9

Orbicularis Oris Insertion?

Back 9

skin at corner of mouth

Front 10

Orbicularis Oris action?

Back 10

closes and protrudes lips, as in kissing, compresses lips against teeth

Front 11

Zygomaticus major Origin?

Back 11

Zygomatic bone

Front 12

Zygomaticus major Insertion?

Back 12

skin at angle of mouth and orbicularis oris

Front 13

Zygomaticus major action?

Back 13

draws angle of mouth superiorly and laterally as in smiling

Front 14

Buccinator origin?

Back 14

alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible

Front 15

Buccinator insertion?

Back 15

Orbicularis Oris

Front 16

Buccinator action?

Back 16

presses cheeks against teeth and lips as in whistling, blowing, and sucking. keeps food in mouth

Front 17

risorius origin?

Back 17

fascia over parotid gland

Front 18

risorius insertion?

Back 18

skin at angle of mouth

Front 19

risorius action?

Back 19

draws angle of mouth laterally as in grimacing

Front 20

mentalis origin?

Back 20

mandible

Front 21

mentalis insertion?

Back 21

skin of chin

Front 22

mentalis action?

Back 22

elevates and protrudes lower lip and pulls the skin of chin up as in pouting.

Front 23

playtsma origin

Back 23

fascia over deltoid and pectoralis major muscles

Front 24

playtsma insertion?

Back 24

mandible, muscle areound angle of mouth, and skin of lower face

Front 25

playtsma action?

Back 25

draws outer part of lower lip inferiorly and posteriorly as in pouting; depresses mandible

Front 26

Orbicularis Occuli origin?

Back 26

medial wall of orbit

Front 27

Orbicularis Occuli Insertion?

Back 27

circular path around orbit

Front 28

Orbicularis Occuli action?

Back 28

draws outher part of lower lip inferiorly and posteriorly as in pouting.

Front 29

what is bell's palsy?

Back 29

also known as facial paralysis - unilateral paralysis of the muscles of facial expression.

Front 30

possible causes of bell's palsy

Back 30

inflammation of the facial nerve
ear surgery that damages facial nerve
infection by the herpes simplex virus
an ear infection

Front 31

why do the muscles of facial expression move the skin rather than a joint.

Back 31

because of their insertions

Front 32

which is the strongest muscle of mastication?

Back 32

the masseter is the strongest muscle of mastication

Front 33

name the four pairs of muscles involved in mastication

Back 33

masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid

Front 34

what muscles of mastication protract the jaw?

Back 34

medial and lateral pterygoid

Front 35

what muscle elevates and protracts the mandible?

Back 35

medial pterygoid

Front 36

what muscle forms the major muscular portion of the cheek

Back 36

the buccinator

Front 37

masseter origin?

Back 37

maxilla and zygomatic arch

Front 38

masseter insertion?

Back 38

angle and ramus of the mandible

Front 39

masseter action?

Back 39

elevates mandible as in closing mouth

Front 40

masseter innervation?

Back 40

mandibular branch of trigimenal nerve CNV

Front 41

Sternocleidomastoid origin?

Back 41

Sternocleidomastoid origin?Sternum and Clavicle

Front 42

Sternocleidomastoid insertion?

Back 42

Sternocleidomastoid insertion?mastoid process of temporal bone

Front 43

Sternocleidomastoid action?

Back 43

Sternocleidomastoid action?
acting together - flex cervical portion of vertical column, flexes the head and elevates the sternum during forced inhalation
acting singly - laterally extend and rotate the head to side opposite contracting muscle, rotation

Front 44

Sternocleidomastoid innervation?

Back 44

Sternocleidomastoid innervation?
Accessory Nerve CN IX

Front 45

Semispinalis Capitis origin?

Back 45

transverse process of T1-T7 & C-7 & articular process of C4-6

Front 46

Semispinalis Capitis insertion?

Back 46

occipital bone

Front 47

Semispinalis Capitis action?

Back 47

acting together, extend head
acting singly, rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle

Front 48

Semispinalis Capitis innervation?

Back 48

Cervical spinal nerves

Front 49

splenius capitus origin?

Back 49

ligamentum nuchae and spinous proceses of C7 and T1-T4

Front 50

splenius capitus insertion?

Back 50

occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone

Front 51

splenius capitus action?

Back 51

acting together - extend head
acting singly - laterally flex and rotate head to same side as contracting muscle

Front 52

splenius capitus innervation?

Back 52

cervical spinal nerves

Front 53

Longissimus Capitis origin?

Back 53

transverse processes of T1-T4 & articular processes of C4-C7

Front 54

Longissimus Capitis insertion?

Back 54

mastoid process of temporal bone

Front 55

Longissimus Capitis action?

Back 55

acting together - extend head
acting singly - laterally flex and rotate head to same side as contracting muscle

Front 56

longissimus capitis innervation?

Back 56

cervical spinal nerves

Front 57

name the capitis muscles?

Back 57

longissimus capitis
splenius capitis
semispinalis capitis

Front 58

the actions are the same for the splenius capitis and the longissimus capitis...name the actions?

Back 58

acting together - extend head
acting singly - laterally flex and rotate head to same side as contracting muscle

Front 59

what muscle do you contract to signify yes and no?

Back 59

sternocleidomastoid

Front 60

the sternocleidomastoid is an important landmark that divides the neck into two major triangles...what are they?

Back 60

anterior and posterior - the triangles are important because of the structures that lie within their boundaries

Front 61

the rotator cuff is formed by a combination fot he tendons of four deep muscles of the shoulder - name them?

Back 61

subscapularis
infraspinatis
supraspinatis
teres minor

Front 62

which is the four rotator cuff muscles is the most often damaged?

Back 62

subscapularis

Front 63

which of the four rotator cuff muscles adducts the arm

Back 63

infraspinatus
teres minor

Front 64

which of the four rotator cuff muscles abducts the arm

Back 64

supraspinatis

Front 65

which of the four rotator cuff muscles laterally rotates the arm

Back 65

infraspinatus and teres minor

Front 66

which of the four rotator cuff muscles medially rotates the arm

Back 66

subscapularis

Front 67

what is strabismus?

Back 67

what is strabismus?
a condition in which the two eyes are not properly alignd.

Front 68

name the muscles that move the head

Back 68

sternocleidomastoid
semispinalis capitis
splenius capitis
longissimus capitis

Front 69

which of the four muscles that move the head innervates the accesory nerve?

Back 69

sternocleidomastoid

Front 70

acting together, which muscles flexes the cervical portion of the vetebral column?

Back 70

sternocleidomastoid

Front 71

rectus abdominis origin?

Back 71

pubic crest and pubic symphsis

Front 72

rectus abdominis insertion?

Back 72

cartilage of 5th to 7th ribs and xiphoid process

Front 73

rectus abdominis action?

Back 73

flexes vertebral column, esp lumbar portion and compresses abdomen to aid in defecation, urination, forced exhalation, and childbirth

Front 74

rectus abdominis innervation?

Back 74

thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12

Front 75

external oblique origin?

Back 75

external oblique origin?
inferior ribs 5-12

Front 76

external oblique insertion?

Back 76

external oblique insertin?
iliac crest and linea alba

Front 77

external oblique action?

Back 77

external oblique action?
acting together - compress abdomen and flex vertebral column
acting singly - laterally flex vertebral column esp lumbar portion and rotate vertebral column

Front 78

external oblique innervation?

Back 78

external oblique innervation?
thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12 and the iliohypogastric nerve

Front 79

internal oblique origin

Back 79

internal oblique origin?iliac crest, inguinal ligament
thoracolumbar fascia

Front 80

internal oblique insertion?

Back 80

internal oblique insertion?
cartilage of ribs 7-10 and the linea alba

Front 81

internal oblique action?

Back 81

internal oblique action?
acting together - compress abdomen and flex vertebral column
acting singly - laterally flex vertebral column, esp lumbar portion and rotate vertebral column

Front 82

internal oblique innervation?

Back 82

internal oblique innervation?
thoracic spinal nerves T8-T12, ikiohypogastric nerve, and ilioinguinal nerve

Front 83

transversus abdominis origin?

Back 83

iliac crest, inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia, and cartilages of inferior six ribs

Front 84

transversus abdominis insertion?

Back 84

transversus abdominis insertion? xiphoid process, linea alba, and pubis

Front 85

transversus abdominis action?

Back 85

compresses abdomen

Front 86

transversus abdominis innervation?

Back 86

thoracic spinal nerves T8-T12, iliohypogastric nerve, and ilioinguinal nerve

Front 87

quadratus lumborum origin?

Back 87

quadratus lumborum origin?
liac crest and iliolumbar ligament

Front 88

quadratus lumborum insertion?

Back 88

quadratus lumborum insertion?
inferior border of 12th and C1-C4

Front 89

quadratus lumborum action?

Back 89

quadratus lumborum action?
acting together - pull 12th ribs inferiorly during forced exhalation
acting singly - laterally flex vertebral column, esp lumbar portion.

Front 90

quadratus lumborum innervation?

Back 90

quadratus lumborum innervation?
thoracic spinal nerve T12 and lumbar spinal nerves L1-L3 or L1-L4

Front 91

name the muscles that act on the abdominal wall?

Back 91

rectus abdominis
external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominis
quadratus lumborum

Front 92

which muscles extend from hips to ribs in a criss cross formation?

Back 92

internal obliques

Front 93

which muscles follow the direction of sliding ones hands in ones pockets?

Back 93

external obliques

Front 94

which muscle extends the entire length of the anterior abdominal wall?

Back 94

rectus abdominis

Front 95

which abdominal wall muscle originates at the pubic crest and pubic symphysis

Back 95

rectus abdominis

Front 96

name the muscles used in breathing

Back 96

diaphragm
external intercostals
internal intercostals

Front 97

what is the most important muscle that powers breathing?

Back 97

diaphragm

Front 98

what muscle seperates the thoracis and abdominal cavities?

Back 98

the diaphragm

Front 99

what is the central tendon?

Back 99

a strong aponeurosis located near the center of the diaphragm. the central tendon fuses with the inferior surface of the pericardium and the pleurae

Front 100

the diaphragm has three major openings through which nerves pass...what are they?

Back 100

aortic hiatus, esophageal hiatus, and the caval opening

Front 101

just a statement - movements of the diaphragm also help return venous blood passing through abdominal veins to the heart.

Back 101

just a statement - together with the anterolateral abdominal muscles, the diaphragm helps to increase intra-abdominal pressure to evacuate the pelvic contents during defecation, urination, and childbirth.

Front 102

diaphragm origin?

Back 102

xiphoid process of the sternum, costal cartilages and adjacent portions of the inferior six ribs, lumbar vertebrae and their intervetebral discs and the 12th rib

Front 103

diaphragm insertion?

Back 103

diaphragm insertion?
central tendon

Front 104

diaphragm action?

Back 104

contration of the diaphragm causes it to flatten and increases the vertical dimension of the thoracis cavity, resulting in inhalation

relaxation of the diaphragm causes it to move superiorly and decreases the vertical dimension of the thoracic cavity, resulting in exhalation.

Front 105

diaphragm innervation?

Back 105

diaphragm innervation?
phrenic nerve

Front 106

external intercostals origin?

Back 106

external intercostals origin?
inferior border of rib above

Front 107

external intercostals insertion?

Back 107

external intercostals insertion?
superior border of rib below

Front 108

external intercostals action?

Back 108

contraction elevates the ribs and increases the anterposterior and lateral dimensions of the thoracic cavity, resulting in inhalation
relaxation depresses the ribs and decreases the anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of the thoracic cavity, resulting in exhalation

Front 109

external intercostals innervation?

Back 109

external intercostals innervation? thoracis spinal nerves T2-T12

Front 110

internal intercostals origin?

Back 110

internal intercostals origin?
superior border of rib below

Front 111

internal intercostals insertion?

Back 111

internal intercostals insertion?
inferior border of rib above

Front 112

internal intercostals action?

Back 112

internal intercostals action?
contraction draws adjacent ribs together to further decrease the anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of the throacic cavity during forced exhalation

Front 113

internal intercostals innervation?

Back 113

thoracic spinal nerves T2-T12

Front 114

name the anterior thoracic muscles

Back 114

subclavius
pec minor
serratus anterior

Front 115

subclavius origin?

Back 115

subclavius origin?
first rib

Front 116

subclavius insertion?

Back 116

subclavius insertion
clavicle

Front 117

subclavius action?

Back 117

subclavius action?
depresses and moves clavicle anteriorly and helps stabilize pectoral girdle

Front 118

subclavius innervation?

Back 118

subclavius innervation?
subclavian nerve

Front 119

pectoralis minor origin?

Back 119

pectoralis minor origin?
ribs 2-5

Front 120

pectoralis minor insertion?

Back 120

pectoralis minor insertion?
coracoid process of scapula

Front 121

pectoralis minor action?

Back 121

pectoralis minor action?
abducts scapula and rotates it downward
elevates 3rd -5th ribs during forced inhalation when scapula is fixed

Front 122

pectoralis minor innervation?

Back 122

pectoralis minor innervation?
medial pectoral nerve

Front 123

serratus anterior origin?

Back 123

serratus anterior origin?
superior eight or nine ribs

Front 124

serratus anterior insertion?

Back 124

serratus anterior insertion?
vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula

Front 125

serratus anterior action?

Back 125

serratus anterior action?
abducts scapula and rotates it upward
elevates ribs when scapula is stabilized
known as boxers muscle - punching an pushing

Front 126

serratus anterior innervation?

Back 126

serratus anterior innervation?
long thoracic nerve

Front 127

trapezius origin?

Back 127

trapezius origin?
superior nuchalline of occipital bone
ligamentum nuchae, and spines of c7 amd all throacic vertebrae

Front 128

trapezius insertion?

Back 128

trapezius insertion?
clavicle and acromion and spine of scapula

Front 129

trapezius action?

Back 129

trapezius action?
superior fibers elevate scapula and can help extend head
middle fibers adduct scapula
inferior fibers depress scapula
seperior and inferior fibers togethr rotate scapula upward
stabalize scapula

Front 130

trapezius innervation?

Back 130

trapezius innervation?
accessory nerve and cervical spinal nerves C3-C5

Front 131

levator scapulae origin?

Back 131

levator scapulae origin?
transverse process of C1-C4

Front 132

levator scapulae insertion?

Back 132

levator scapulae insertion?
superior vertebral border of scapula

Front 133

levator scapulae action?

Back 133

levator scapulae action?
elevates scapula and rotates it downward

Front 134

levator scapulae innervation?

Back 134

levator scapulae innervation?
dorsal scapular nerve

Front 135

rhomboid major origin?

Back 135

rhomboid major origin?
spines of T2-T5.

Front 136

rhomboid major insertion?

Back 136

rhomboid major insertion?
vetebral border of scapula inferior to spine

Front 137

rhomboid major action?

Back 137

rhomboid major action?
elevates and adducts scapula and rotates it downward; stabilizes scapula

Front 138

rhomboid major innervation

Back 138

rhomboid major innervation?
dorsal scapular nerve

Front 139

rhomboid minor origin?

Back 139

rhomboid minor origin?
spines of C7 -T1

Front 140

rhomboid minor insertion?

Back 140

rhomboid minor insertion?
verteral border of scapula superior to spine

Front 141

rhomboid minor action?

Back 141

rhomboid minor action?
elevates and adducts scapula and rotates it downward; stabilizes scapula

Front 142

rhomboid minor innervation?

Back 142

rhomboid minor innervation?
dorsal scapular nerve

Front 143

pectoralis major origin?

Back 143

pectoralis major origin?
clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages of second to 6th ribs and sometimes first to 7th ribs

Front 144

pectoralis major insertion?

Back 144

pectoralis major insertion?
greater tubercle and lateral tip of the intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Front 145

pectoralis major action?

Back 145

pectoralis major action?
as a whole, adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint
clavicular head flexes arm, and sternocostal head extends the flexed arm to side of trunk

Front 146

pectoralis major innervation?

Back 146

pectoralis major innervation?
medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Front 147

latissimus dorsi origin?

Back 147

latissimus dorsi origin?
spines of inferior six throacic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, crests of sacrum and ilium inferior four ribs

Front 148

latissimus dorsi insertion?

Back 148

latissimus dorsi insertion?
intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Front 149

latissimus dorsi action?

Back 149

latissimus dorsi action?
extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint, draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly

Front 150

latissimus dorsi innervation?

Back 150

latissimus dorsi innervation thoracodorsal nerve

Front 151

deltoid origin?

Back 151

deltoid origin? acrominal extremity of clavicle, acromion of scapula and spine of scapula

Front 152

deltoid insertion?

Back 152

deltoid insertion?
deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Front 153

deltoid action?

Back 153

deltoid action?
lateral fibers abduct arm at shoulder joint; anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm at shoulder joint; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint

Front 154

deltoid innervation?

Back 154

deltoid innervation?
axillary nerve

Front 155

subscapularis origin?

Back 155

subscapularis origin?
subscapular fossa of scapula

Front 156

subscapularis insertion?

Back 156

subscapularis insertion?
lesser tubercle of humerus

Front 157

subscapularis action?

Back 157

subscapularis action?
medially rotates arm at shoulder joint

Front 158

subscapularis innervation?

Back 158

subscapularis innervation?
upper and lower subscapular nerve

Front 159

supraspinatus origin?

Back 159

supraspinatus origin?
supraspinous fossa of scapula

Front 160

supraspinatus innervation?

Back 160

supraspinatus innervation?
suprascapular nerve

Front 161

supraspinatus insertion?

Back 161

supraspinatus insertion?
greater tubercle of humerus

Front 162

supraspinatus action ?

Back 162

supraspinatus action ?
assist deltoid muscle in abducting arm at shoulder joint

Front 163

Infraspinatus origin?

Back 163

Infraspinatus origin?
infraspinous fossa of scapula

Front 164

infraspinatus insertion?

Back 164

infraspinatus insertion?
greater tubercle of humerus

Front 165

infraspinatus action?

Back 165

infraspinatus action?
laterally rotates and adducts arm at shoulder joint.

Front 166

infraspinatus innervation?

Back 166

infraspinatus innervation?
suprascapular nerve