Muscles Exam 1 2013- Action & Innervation

Front 1

Trapezius

Back 1

superior fibers: elevate and superiorly rotate scapula
middle fibers: retract scapula
inferior fibers: depress scapula

Hint 1

Spinal Accesory nerve
(CN XI)

Front 2

Latissimus dorsi

Back 2

arm extension;
adducts and medially rotates arm

Hint 2

Thoracodorsal nerve
(C6-C8)

Front 3

Rhomboid Major

Back 3

elevates and retracts scapula;
inferiorly rotates scapula

Hint 3

Dorsal scapular nerve
(C5)

Front 4

Teres Minor

Back 4

adducts and laterally rotates arm

Hint 4

Axillary nerve
(C5-C6)

Front 5

Supraspinatus

Back 5

abducts arm

Hint 5

Suprascapular nerve
(C5-C6)

Front 6

Subscapularis

Back 6

medially rotates arm

Hint 6

Upper and lower subscapular nerves
(C5-C6)

Front 7

Serratus Anterior

Back 7

protraction of scapula while holding medial border against thoracic wall; superiorly rotates scapula;
stabilizes scapula

Hint 7

Long thoracic nerve
(C5-C7)

Front 8

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Back 8

depresses ribs during exhalation

Hint 8

Thoracic spinal nerves

Front 9

Splenius Capitus

Back 9

rotates head to same side;
extends head/neck

Hint 9

Cervical spinal nerves

Front 10

Iliocostalis

Back 10

extends neck and vertebral colomn; maintains posture

Hint 10

Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

Front 11

Longissimus

Back 11

extends neck and vertebral column; maintains posture;
rotates head

Hint 11

Cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Front 12

Spinalis

Back 12

extends neck and vertebral column; maintains posture

Hint 12

Cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Front 13

Semispinalis

Back 13

extends vertebral column/neck;
laterally flexes vertebral column/neck

Hint 13

Cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Front 14

Rotatores

Back 14

extends vertebral column;
rotates vertebral column toward opposite side

Hint 14

Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

Front 15

Multifidus

Back 15

extends vertebral column;
rotates vertebral column toward opposite side

Hint 15

Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

Front 16

Rhomboid Minor

Back 16

Elevates and retracts (adducts) scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula

Hint 16

Dorsal Scapular nerve

Front 17

Deltoid

Back 17

Anterior fibers: flex and medially rotate arm
Middle fibers: prime mover of arm abduction
Posterior fibers: extend and laterally rotate arm

Hint 17

Axillary nerve

Front 18

Teres Major

Back 18

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

Hint 18

Lower subscapular nerve

Front 19

Infraspinatus

Back 19

Adducts and laterally rotates arm

Hint 19

Suprascapular nerve

Front 20

Serratus Posterior Superior

Back 20

Elevates ribs during inhalation

Hint 20

Intercostal Nerves (Thoracic nerves)

Front 21

Levator Scapulae

Back 21

Elevates medial angle of scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula (pulls glenoid cavity inferiorly)

Hint 21

Cervical Nerves (C3, C4) and Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

Front 22

Splenius Cervicis

Back 22

Unilateral action: turns head to same side
Bilateral Action: extends head/neck

Hint 22

Cervical Nerves

Front 23

Erector Spinae

Back 23

Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

Front 24

Transversospinalis

Back 24

Semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores

Front 25

Pectoralis Major

Back 25

Prime mover of arm flexion; adducts and medially rotates arm

Hint 25

Lateral Pectoral Nerve and Medial Pectoral Nerve

Front 26

Biceps Brachii long and short head

Back 26

Flexes forearm, powerful supinator of forearm, and weak flexor of the shoulder joint

Hint 26

Musculocutaneous Nerve

Front 27

Coracobrachialis

Back 27

Adducts and flexes arm

Hint 27

Musculocutaneous Nerve

Front 28

Brachialis

Back 28

Primary flexor of forearm

Hint 28

Musculocutaneous Nerve

Front 29

Brachioradialis

Back 29

Flexes forearm

Hint 29

Posterior Interosseous Nerve deep branch of Radial Nerve

Front 30

Triceps Brachii long head

Back 30

Primary extensor of forearm;
long head also extends and adducts arm

Hint 30

Radial Nerve

Front 31

Pronator Teres

Back 31

Pronates forearm

Hint 31

Median Nerve

Front 32

Abductor digiti minimi
(hand)

Back 32

Abducts finger 5

Hint 32

Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve

Front 33

Opponens Pollicis

Back 33

Opposition of thumb

Hint 33

Recurrent Branch of Median Nerve

Front 34

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Back 34

Flexes wrist, 2-5 MP joints, and PIP joints

Hint 34

Median Nerve

Front 35

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Back 35

Flexes wrist, 2-5 MP joints, PIP joints, and DIP joints

Hint 35

lateral half- Median Nerve
medial half- Ulnar Nerve

Front 36

Pectoralis Minor

Back 36

Depressor and downward rotator of scapula

Hint 36

Medial Pectoral Nerve

Front 37

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Back 37

Flexes wrist and adducts hand

Hint 37

Ulnar Nerve

Front 38

Palmaris Longus

Back 38

Weak wrist flexor

Hint 38

Median Nerve

Front 39

Palrmaris Brevis

Back 39

Helps with grip

Hint 39

Ulnar Nerve- superficial branch

Front 40

Lumbricals
(hand)

Back 40

Flexes 2-5 MP joints and extends 2-5 PIP and DIP joints

Hint 40

Median Nerve: lateral half
Ulnar Nerve: medial half

Front 41

External Abdominal Oblique

Back 41

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera, flexes and rotates trunk

Hint 41

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (T7-T11)
and Subcostal Nerve

Front 42

Platysma

Back 42

Depresses mandible; tenses skin of inferior face and neck

Hint 42

Cervical branch of Facial Nerve (CN 7)

Front 43

Omohyoid

Back 43

Depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid

Hint 43

C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis

Front 44

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Back 44

Flexor and radial abductor of wrist

Hint 44

Median Nerve (C7-T1)

Front 45

Supinator

Back 45

Supination of hand

Hint 45

Posterior Interosseous Nerve

Front 46

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Back 46

Flexes proximal and distal phalanges of thumb

Hint 46

Anterior Interosseous branch of Median Nerve (C7-T1)

Front 47

Pronator Quadratus

Back 47

Pronates hand

Hint 47

Anterior Interosseous branch of Median Nerve (C7-T1)

Front 48

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Back 48

Abducts, extends and laterally rotates 1st metacarpal to draw the thumb away from the position of opposition; radial abduction and flexion of wrist

Hint 48

Posterior Interosseous Nerve deep branch of Radial Nerve ((C6-C7)

Front 49

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Back 49

Radial abductor of wrist, extensor of the proximal phalanx of thumb and 1st metacarpal

Hint 49

Posterior Interosseous Nerve (deep branch of Radial N)

Front 50

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Back 50

Extends distal and proximal phalanges of thumb, extends and abducts first metacarpal

Hint 50

Posterior Interosseous Nerve (deep branch of Radial N)

Front 51

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Back 51

Extensor and radial abductor of wrist

Hint 51

Posterior Interosseous Nerve (branch of Radial N)

Front 52

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Back 52

Extensor and radial abductor of wrist

Hint 52

Posterior Interosseous Nerve deep branch of Radial Nerve (C6-C7)

Front 53

Extensor Digitorum

Back 53

Extensor of all phalanges (proximal, middle, and distal) of digits 2-5; abducts the fingers upon extension

Hint 53

Posterior Interosseous Nerve (branch of Radial N)

Front 54

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Back 54

Extends and abducts only the 5th digit

Hint 54

Posterior Interosseous Nerve (branch of Radial N)

Front 55

Extensor Indicis

Back 55

Extends all joints of index finger and independently abducts the index finger

Hint 55

Posterior Interosseous Nerve (branch of Radial N)

Front 56

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Back 56

Extensor and ulnar abductor of wrist

Hint 56

Posterior Interosseous Nerve (branch of Radial N)

Front 57

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Back 57

Abducts thumb; helps oppose it

Hint 57

Recurrent branch of Median Nerve (C8, T1)

Front 58

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Back 58

Flexes thumb

Hint 58

Recurrent branch of Median Nerve (C8, T1)

Front 59

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Back 59

Draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it, bringing 5th digit into opposition with thumb

Hint 59

Deep branch of Ulnar Nerve (C8,T1)

Front 60

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis (hand)

Back 60

Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Hint 60

Deep branch of Ulnar Nerve (C8,T1)

Front 61

Adductor Pollicis

Back 61

Adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm

Hint 61

Deep branch of Ulnar Nerve (C8,T1)

Front 62

Palmar Interossei (3)

Back 62

Adducts 2,4,5 digits toward axial line; flexes metacarpophyalangeal joints (MP) and extending interphalangeal joints (IP)

Hint 62

Deep branch of Ulnar Nerve (C8,T1)

Front 63

Dorsal Interossei (4)

Back 63

Abduct 2-4th digits from axial line; flexes MP joints and extending IP joints

Hint 63

Deep branch of Ulnar Nerve (C8,T1)

Front 64

Semispinalis Capitis

Back 64

Extends head and rotates it contralaterally

Hint 64

Posterior rami of spinal nerves