Muscles

Front 1

occipitofrontalis

Back 1

scalp muscle; divided into 2 sections:
frontal belly
occipital belly

Front 2

frontal belly

Back 2

scalp muscle
draws scalp anteriorly, raises eyebrows, "surprised" look

Front 3

occipital belly

Back 3

scalp muscle
draws scalp posteriorly

Front 4

orbicularis oris

Back 4

mouth muscle
closes and protrudes lips, "kissing" muscle

Front 5

zygomaticus major

Back 5

mouth muscle
draws angle of mouth superiorly/laterally, "smiling" muscle

Front 6

zygomaticus

Back 6

mouth muscle
raises upper lip, exposing maxillary teeth

Front 7

levator labii superioris

Back 7

mouth muscle
raises upper lip

Front 8

depressor labii inferioris

Back 8

mouth muscle
depresses lower lip

Front 9

depressor anguli oris

Back 9

mouth muscle
draws angle of mouth laterally/inferiorly, as in opening mouth

Front 10

levator anguli oris

Back 10

mouth muscle
draws angle of mouth laterally/superiorly

Front 11

buccinator

Back 11

mouth muscle
presses cheeks against teeth/ lips, as in whisting, sucking, blowing; assists in chewing

Front 12

risorius

Back 12

mouth muscle
draws angle of mouth laterally, as in grimacing

Front 13

mentalis

Back 13

mouth muscle
elevates/protrudes lower lip, as in pouting

Front 14

platysma

Back 14

neck muscle
draws outer part of lower lip inferiorly/posteriorly as in pouting, depresses mandible

Front 15

orbicularis oculi

Back 15

orbit muscle
closes eye

Front 16

corrugator supercilii

Back 16

orbit muscle
draws eyebrow inferiorly, as in wrinkling the forehead

Front 17

levator palpebrae superioris

Back 17

orbit muscle
opens eye

Front 18

superior rectus

Back 18

extrinsic eye muscle
moves eyeball superiorly/medially

Front 19

inferior rectus

Back 19

extrinsic eye muscle
moves eyeball inferiorly/medially

Front 20

lateral rectus

Back 20

extrinsic eye muscle
moves eyeball laterally

Front 21

medial rectus

Back 21

extrinsic eye muscle
moves eyeball medially

Front 22

superior oblique

Back 22

extrinsic eye muscle
moves eyeball inferiorly/laterally

Front 23

inferior oblique

Back 23

extrinsic eye muscle
moves eyeball superiorly/laterally

Front 24

masseter

Back 24

mandible muscle
elevates mandible, as in closing mouth

Front 25

temporalis

Back 25

mandible muscle
elevates/retracts mandible

Front 26

genioglossus

Back 26

tongue muscle
depresses/protracts tongue, as in sticking it out

Front 27

styloglossus

Back 27

elevates/retracts tongue

Front 28

digastric

Back 28

suprahyoid muscle
elevates hyoid bone/depresses mandible, as in opening mouth

Front 29

stylohyoid

Back 29

suprahyoid muscle
elevates hyoid/draws it posteriorly

Front 30

mylohyoid

Back 30

suprahyoid muscle
elevates hyoid/floor of mouth, depresses mandible

Front 31

geniohyoid

Back 31

suprahyoid muscle
elevates hyoid, draws hyoid/tongue anteriorly, depresses mandible

Front 32

omohyoid

Back 32

infrahyoid muscle
depresses hyoid

Front 33

sternohyoid

Back 33

infrahyoid muscle
depresses hyoid

Front 34

sternothyroid

Back 34

infrahyoid muscle
depresses thyroid cartilage of larynx

Front 35

thyrohyoid

Back 35

infrahyoid muscle
elevates thyroid cartilage/depresses hyoid

Front 36

sternocleidomastoid (2)

Back 36

muscle that moves the head
together: flex cervical portion of vertebral column
singly:laterally extend/rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle

Front 37

semispinalis capitis (2)

Back 37

muscle that moves the head
together: extend head
singly: rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle

Front 38

spleinus capitis (2)

Back 38

muscle that moves the head
together: extend head
singly: laterally flex/rotate head to same side as contracting muscle

Front 39

longissimus capitis (2)

Back 39

muscle that moves the head
together: extend head
singly: laterally flex/rotate head to same side as contracting muscle

Front 40

rectus abdominis

Back 40

abdominal muscle
flexes lumbar vertebral column, compresses abdomen for defacation/uriniation/childbirth

Front 41

external oblique (2)

Back 41

abdominal muscle
together: compress abdomen/flex vertebral column
singly: laterally flex/rotate vertebral column, esp. lumbar region

Front 42

internal oblique (2)

Back 42

abdominal muscle
together: compress abdomen/flex vertebral column
singly: laterally flex/rotate vertebral column, esp. lumbar region

Front 43

transversus abdominis (2)

Back 43

abdominal muscle
together: pull 12th ribs inferiorly in forced exhalation
singly: laterally flex lumbar vertebral column

Front 44

diaphragm

Back 44

breathing muscle
contraction causes it to flatten- increases vertical dimension of thoracic cavity (inhalation)
relaxation causes it to move superiorly/decreases vertical dimension of horacic cavity (exhalation)

Front 45

external intercostals

Back 45

breathing muscle
contraction elevates ribs/ increases anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity (inhalation)
relaxation depresses ribs/decreases anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity (exhalation)

Front 46

internal intercostals

Back 46

breathing muscle
contraction draws adjacent ribs together to decrease anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity (exhalation)

Front 47

levator ani

Back 47

pelvic muscle
2 sections:
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus

Front 48

pubococcygeus

Back 48

pelvic muscle
supports/maintains position of pelvic viscera, resists increase in abdominal pressure, constricts anus/urethra/vagina

Front 49

iliococcygeus

Back 49

pelvic muscle
supports/maintains position of pelvic viscera, resists increase in abdominal pressure, constricts anus/urethra/vagina

Front 50

coccygeus

Back 50

pelvic muscle
supports/maintains position of pelvic viscera, resists increase in abdominal pressure, pulls coccyx anteriorly after defecation/childbirth

Front 51

superficial transverse perineal

Back 51

superficial perineal muscle
stabilizes perineal body of perineum

Front 52

bulbospongiosus

Back 52

superficial perineal muscle
helps expel urine, propel semen, assists erections in both sexes

Front 53

ischiocavernosus

Back 53

superficial perineal muscle
maintains erection of penis/clitoris

Front 54

deep transverse perineal

Back 54

deep perineal muscle
helps expel last drops of urine in M/F and semen in M

Front 55

external urethral sphincter

Back 55

deep perineal muscle
helps expel last drops of urine in M/F/ and semen in M

Front 56

external anal sphincter

Back 56

deep perineal muscle
keeps anal canal/anus closed

Front 57

subclavius

Back 57

anterior thoracic muscle
depresses/moves clavice anteriorly, stabilizes pectoral girdle

Front 58

pectoralis major

Back 58

anterior thoracic muscle
abducts scapula/roatates it downward; elevates 3-5 ribs during inhalation

Front 59

serratus anterior

Back 59

anterior thoracic muscle
abducts scapula/rotates it upward; elevates ribs; "boxer's muscle"

Front 60

trapezius

Back 60

posterior thoracic muscle
elevate/adduct/depress/rotate/stabilize scapula, assist in extending head

Front 61

levator scapulae

Back 61

posterior thoracic muscle
elevates scapula, rotates it downward

Front 62

rhomboid major

Back 62

posterior thoracic muscle
elevates/adducts scapula and rotates it downward; stabilizes scapula

Front 63

rhomboid minor

Back 63

posterior thoracic muscle
elevates/adducts scapula and rotates it downward; stabilizes scapula

Front 64

pectoralis major

Back 64

axial muscle that moves humerus
adducts/medially rotates arm at shoulder joint

Front 65

latissimus dorsi

Back 65

axial muscle that moves humerus
extends, adducts, medially rotates arm at shoulder joint; draws arm inferiory/posteriorly

Front 66

deltoid

Back 66

scapular muscles that move humerus
lateral fibers abduct arm at shoulder joint; anterior fibers flex/medially rotate arm at shoulder joint; posterior fibers extend/laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint

Front 67

subscapularis

Back 67

scapular muscle that moves humerus
medially rotates arm at shoulder joint

Front 68

supraspinatus

Back 68

scapular muscle that moves humerus
assists deltoid muscle in abducting arm at shoulder joint

Front 69

infraspinatus

Back 69

scapular muscle that moves humerus
laterally rotates/adducts arm at shoulder joint

Front 70

teres major

Back 70

scapular muscle that movies humerus
extends arm at shoulder joint/assists in adduction/medial rotation of arm at shoulder joint

Front 71

teres minor

Back 71

scapular muscle that moves humerus
laterally rotates/extends/adducts arm at shoulder joint

Front 72

coracobrachialis

Back 72

scapuar muscle that moves humerus
flexes/adducts arm at shoulder joint

Front 73

biceps brachii

Back 73

forearm flexor
flexes forearm at elbow joint, supinates forearm at radioulnar joints, flexes arm at shoulder joint

Front 74

brachialis

Back 74

forearm flexor
flexes forearm at elbow joint

Front 75

brachioradialis

Back 75

forearm flexor
flexes forearm at elbow joint, supinates/pronates forearm at radioulnar joints to neutral position

Front 76

triceps brachii

Back 76

forearm extensor
extends forearm at elbow joint and extends arm at shoulder joint

Front 77

anconeus

Back 77

forearm extensor
extends forearm at elbow joint

Front 78

pronator teres

Back 78

forearm pronator
pronates forearm at radioulnar joints and weakly flexes forearm at elbow joint

Front 79

pronator quadratus

Back 79

forearm pronator
pronates forearm at radioulnar joints

Front 80

supinator

Back 80

forearm supinator
supinates forearm at radioulnar joints

Front 81

palmaris longus

Back 81

superficial anterior compartment of forearm
weakly flexes hand at wrist joint

Front 82

splenius capitis

Back 82

splenius muscle (vertebral column)
together: extend head
singly: laterally flex/rotate head to same side as contracting muscle

Front 83

splenius cervicis

Back 83

splenius muscle (vertebral column)
together: extend head
singly: laterally flex/rotate head to same side as contracting muscle

Front 84

iliocostalis cervicis

Back 84

iliocostalis (lateral) group
together: extend/maintain erect posture of cervical vertebral column
singly: laterally flex vertebral column of cervical regions

Front 85

iliocostalis thoracis

Back 85

iliocostalis (lateral) group
together: extend/maintain erect posture of thoracic vertebral column
singly: laterally flex vertebral column of thoracic regions

Front 86

iliocostalis lumborum

Back 86

iliocostalis (lateral) group
together: extend/maintain erect posture of lumbar vertebral column
singly: laterally flex vertebral column of lumbar regions

Front 87

longissimus capitis

Back 87

longissimus (intermediate) group
together: extend head
singly: rotate head to same side as contracting muscle

Front 88

longissimus cervicis

Back 88

longissimus (intermediate) group
together: extend cervical vertebral column
singly: laterally flex cervical vertebral column

Front 89

longissimus thoracis

Back 89

longissimus (intermediate) group
together: extend thoracic vertebral column
singly: laterally flex thoracic vertebral column

Front 90

spinalis capitis

Back 90

spinalis (medial) group
together: extend vertebral column

Front 91

spinalis cervicis

Back 91

spinalis (medial) group
together: extend cervical vertebral column

Front 92

spinalis thoracis

Back 92

spinalis (medial) group
together: extend thoracic vertebral column

Front 93

iliopsoas

Back 93

muscles that move femur
2 sections:
psoas major
iliacus

Front 94

psoas major

Back 94

muscle that moves femur
flexes thigh at hip joint, rotates thigh laterally, flexes trunk on hip as in sitting up from supine position

Front 95

iliacus

Back 95

muscle that moves femur
flexes thigh at hip joint, rotates thigh laterally, flexes trunk on hip as in sitting up from supine position

Front 96

gluteus maximus

Back 96

muscle that moves femur
extends thigh at hip joint and laterally rotates thigh

Front 97

gluteus medius

Back 97

muscle that moves femur
abducts thigh at hip joint and medially rotates thigh

Front 98

gluteus minimus

Back 98

muscle that moves femur
abducts thigh at hip joint and medially rotates thigh

Front 99

tensor fasciae latae

Back 99

muscle that moves femur
flexes/abducts thigh at hip joint

Front 100

piriformis

Back 100

muscle that moves femur
laterally rotates/abducts thigh at hip joint

Front 101

adductor longus

Back 101

medial (adductor) compartment of thigh
adducts/flexes thigh at hip joint, laterally rotates thigh

Front 102

adductor brevis

Back 102

medial (adductor) compartment of thigh
adducts/flexes thigh at hip joint, medially rotates thigh

Front 103

adductor magnus

Back 103

medial (adductor) compartment of thigh
adducts thigh at hip joint, laterally rotates thigh; anterior part flexes thigh, posterior part extends thigh

Front 104

pectineus

Back 104

medial (adductor) compartment of thigh
flexes/adducts thigh at hip joint

Front 105

gracilis

Back 105

medial (adductor) compartment of thigh
adducts thigh at hip joint, medially rotates thigh, flexes leg at knee joint

Front 106

quadriceps femoris

Back 106

anterior (extensor) compartment of thigh
consists of:
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius

Front 107

rectus femoris

Back 107

part of quadriceps femoris
extends leg at knee joint, flexes thigh at hip joint

Front 108

vastus lateralis

Back 108

part of quadriceps femoris
extends leg at knee joint

Front 109

vastus medialis

Back 109

part of quadriceps femoris
extends leg at knee joint

Front 110

vastus intermedius

Back 110

part of quadriceps femoris
extends leg at knee joint

Front 111

sartorius

Back 111

anterior (extensor) compartment of the thigh
flexes leg at knee joint, flexes/ abducts/laterally rotates thigh at hip joint

Front 112

hamstrings

Back 112

posterior (flexor) compartment of thigh
consisits of:
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus

Front 113

biceps femoris

Back 113

part of hamstrings
flexes leg at knee joint, extends thigh at hip joint

Front 114

semitendinosus

Back 114

part of hamstrings
flexes leg at knee joint, extends thigh at hip joint

Front 115

semimembranosus

Back 115

part of hamstrings
flexes leg at knee joint, extends thigh at hip joint

Front 116

tibialis anterior

Back 116

anterior compartment of leg
dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint, inverts foot at intertarsal joints

Front 117

extensor digitorum longus

Back 117

anterior compartment of leg
dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint, exends distal/middle phalanges of each toe at interephalangeal joints and proximal phalanx of each toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

Front 118

fibularis (Peroneus) longus

Back 118

lateral (fibular) compartment of leg
plantar flexes foot at ankle joint, everts foot at intertarsal joints

Front 119

fibularis (Paroneus) brevis

Back 119

lateral (fibular) compartment of leg
plantar flexes foot at ankle joint, everts foot at intertarsal joints

Front 120

gastrocnemius

Back 120

superficial posterior compartment of leg
plantar flexes foot at ankle joint, flexes leg at knee joint

Front 121

soleus

Back 121

superficial posterior compartment of leg
plantar flexes foot at ankle joint

Front 122

plantaris

Back 122

superficial posterior compartment of leg
plantar flexes foot at ankle joint, flexes leg at knee joint