Muscles

Front 1

orbicularis oculi
(origin)

Back 1

medial wall of the orbit of the eye

Front 2

orbicularis oculi
(Insertion)

Back 2

medial wall of the orbit

Front 3

Orbicularis oculi
(action)

Back 3

closes the eyelid

Front 4

orbicularis oris
(origin)

Back 4

opening of the mouth

Front 5

orbicularis oris
(Insertion)

Back 5

the skin at th corners of the mouth (the muscle follows a circular path around the mouth)

Front 6

orbicularis oris
(action)

Back 6

closes the mouth

Front 7

zygomaticus major
(Origin)

Back 7

zygomatic bone

Front 8

zygomaticus major
(insertion)

Back 8

the skin at the corners of the mouth and the orbicularis oris

Front 9

zygomaticus major
(action)

Back 9

elevates the skin a the corners of the mouth (smiling)

Front 10

depressor anguli oris
(origin)

Back 10

anterior 1/3 of the body of the mandible, lateral to the mental foramen

Front 11

depressor anguli oris
(insertion)

Back 11

angle of the mouth

Front 12

depressor anguli oris
(action)

Back 12

pulls the corners of the mouth down

Front 13

temporalis
(origin)

Back 13

temporal fossa

Front 14

temporalis
(insertion)

Back 14

coronoid process and ramus of the mandible (muscle passes deep to the zygomatic arch)

Front 15

temporalis
(action)

Back 15

elevation of the mandible

Front 16

masseter
(origin)

Back 16

maxilla and the anterior prtion of the zybomatic arch

Front 17

masseter
(insertion)

Back 17

angle and the ramus of the mandible

Front 18

masseter
(action)

Back 18

elevation of the mandible

Front 19

sternocleidomastoid
(origin)

Back 19

the sternum and the clavicle

Front 20

sternocleidomastoid
(insertion)

Back 20

the mastoid process of the temporal bone

Front 21

sternocleidomastoid
(actions)

Back 21

flexion of the cervical vertebrea when both contract
rotation of the head thot he opposite side when only one contracts

Front 22

diaphragm
(origin)

Back 22

the xiphoid process, the costal cartilage of the last 6 ribs and the lumbar vertebrae

Front 23

diaphragm
(insertion)

Back 23

the central tendon of the diaphragm

Front 24

diaphragm
(action)

Back 24

inspiration (inhailing) = contracts
relaxation=(expiration) exhailing

Front 25

external intercostals
(origin)

Back 25

the inferior border of the superior rib

Front 26

external intercostals
(insertion)

Back 26

the superior border of the inferior rib

Front 27

external intercostals
(action)

Back 27

elevation of the rib cage during inspiration

Front 28

internal intercostals
(origin)

Back 28

the superior border of the inferior rib

Front 29

internal intercostals
(insertions)

Back 29

the inferior border of the superior rib

Front 30

internal intercostals
(actions)

Back 30

depression of the rib cage during expiration

Front 31

rectus abdominis
(origin)

Back 31

the pubic crest and the symphysis pubis

Front 32

rectus abdominis
(insetition)

Back 32

the xiphoid process and the costal cartilage of ribs 5,6, and 7

Front 33

rectus abdominis
(action)

Back 33

flexion of the vertebral column

Front 34

external obliques
(origin)

Back 34

the last eight ribs

Front 35

external obliques
(insertion)

Back 35

the iliac crest and the linea alba

Front 36

external obliques
(action)

Back 36

both: flexion of the vertebral column
single: lateral flexion of the vertebral column to the same side

Front 37

internal obliques
(origin)

Back 37

the ilaic crest , the inguinal ligament and the thoracolumbar fascia

Front 38

internal obliques
(insertion)

Back 38

the coastal cartilage of the last 4 ribs and the linea alba

Front 39

internal obliques
(action)

Back 39

both: flexion of the vertebral column
single: lateral flexion of the vertebral column to the same side

Front 40

transversus abdominis
(origin)

Back 40

the iliac crest, the inguinal ligament, the lumbar fascia and the costal cartilage of the last 6 ribs

Front 41

pectoralis minor
(origin)

Back 41

ribs 3 through 5

Front 42

pectoralis minor
(insertion)

Back 42

the coracoid process fo the scapula

Front 43

prctoralis minor
(action)

Back 43

stabalize the scapula
protraction of the scapula
(rolls the shoulder)

Front 44

serratus anterior
(anterior)

Back 44

the superior eight or nine ribs

Front 45

serratus anterior
(insertion)

Back 45

the coracoid process of the scapula

Front 46

serratus anterior
(action)

Back 46

protraction of the scapuls
upward rotaiton of the scapula
abduction of the scapula

Front 47

trapezius
(origin)

Back 47

the occipital bone and spinous process of C7 throught T12

Front 48

trapezius
(insertion)

Back 48

the lateral 1/3 of the clavical, the acromion and the spine of the scapula

Front 49

trapezius
(action)

Back 49

all: stabilizes the scapula
superior fibers: elevation of the scapula
intermediate fibers: adduction of the scapula
superior fibers: depression of the scapula (relaxing)

Front 50

levator scapulae
(origin)

Back 50

the vertebral bodies of C1 through C4

Front 51

levator scapulae
(insertion)

Back 51

the superior angle of the scapula

Front 52

levator scapulae
(action)

Back 52

elevation of the scapula and rotates the scapula

Front 53

rhomboid major
(origin)

Back 53

the spinous processed of T2 through T5

Front 54

rhomboid major
( insertion)

Back 54

the vertebral border of the scapula, inferior to the spine

Front 55

rhomboid major
(action)

Back 55

stabilizes the scapula
retraction of the scapula
adduction of the scapula

Front 56

rhomboid minor
(origin)

Back 56

the spinous processes of C7 through T1

Front 57

rhomboid minor
(insertion)

Back 57

the vertebral border of the scapula superior to the spine

Front 58

rhomboid minor
(action)

Back 58

stabilizes the scapula
retraction (elevation) and adduction of the scapula

Front 59

subscapularis
(rotator cuff)

Back 59

origin: the subscapular fossa of the scapula
insertion: the lesser tubercle of the humerus
action: stabilizes the shoulder joint
medial rotation of the humerus

Front 60

supraspinatus
(rotator cuff)

Back 60

origin: the supraspinous fossa of the scapula
insertion: the greater tubercle of the jumerus
action: stabilizes the shoulder joint, weak abduction of the shoulder joint

Front 61

infraspinatus
(rotator cuff)

Back 61

origin: the infraspinous fossa of the scapula
insertion: the greater tubercle of the humerus
action: stabilizes the shoulder joint, lateral rotation of the humerus, weak adduction of the shoulder joint

Front 62

teres minor
(rotator cuff)

Back 62

origin: inferior lateral border of the scapula
insertion: the greater tubercle of the humerus
action: stabilizes the shoulder joint, lateral rotation of the humerus, adduction of the shoulder

Front 63

teres major
(not a rotator cuff muscle)

Back 63

origin: inferior angle of hte scapula
insertion: medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
action: extension of the shoulder joint, assests in lateral rotation and adduction

Front 64

deltoid
(the baseball pitcher's muscle)

Back 64

origin: the lateral 1/3 of the clavical, the acromion and the spine of the scapula
insertion: the deltoid tuberosity
action: (main) abduction of th shoulder joint,lateral head = weak abduction of the shoulder joint, posterior head= hyperextension of the shoulder joint

Front 65

pectoralis major

Back 65

origin: the medial end of the clavicle, the sternum and the costal cartilage of ribs 2 through 6
insertion: the lateral surface and the greater tubercle of the humerus
action: adduction of the humerus, medial rotation of the humerus