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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Q. H Band:
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Myosin only
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Q. Muscle:
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The muscle cells contract. Narrow and long referred to as muscle fibers.
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Q. Types of muscle:
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striated & smooth
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Q. Two Striated muscle types:
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Skeletal muscle & cardiac muscle
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Q. Skeletal Muscle:
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most of the voluntary muscle mass of the body
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Q. Cardiac Muscle:
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found almost exclusively in the heart, but also in the pulmonary and other large veins where the join the heart
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Q. Smooth muscle:
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found in the walls of blood vessels, the viscera, and the dermis of the skin
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Q. 4 muscle special terms (sarc means muscle):
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Sarcolemma, Sarcoplasm, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, Sarcosomes
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Q. Sarcolemma:
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the plasma membrane of muscle cells.
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Q. Sarcoplasm:
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the cytoplasm of muscle cells.
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Q. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum:
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
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Q. Sarcosomes:
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mitochondria in muscle
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Q. Embryonic source of cardiac muscle:
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splanchnic mesoderm
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Q. Embryonic Source of Smooth Muscle:
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splanchnic and somatic mesoderm
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Q. Embryonic Source Skeletal Muscle:
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somatic mesoderm
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Q. Skeletal muscle:
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A multinucleated syncytium or giant cell. The nuclei are relatively long and are peripherally located. Alternate light and dark. Pink-red color of skeletal muscle is due to the presence of myoglobin pigments.
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Q. Skeletal muscle classifactions:
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myoglobin(red), concentration of oxidative enzymes, rate of contraction
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Q. Skeletal muscle fiber classification:
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red fibers, white fibers, intermediate fibers. Human muscle has three types
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Q. Red fibers:
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slow contracting, not easily fatigued, found in limb muscles, breast muscles of migratory birds
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Q. White fibers:
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fast-contracting, fatigue easily, found in extraocular muscles
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Q. Intermediate fibers:
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structurally and functionally intermediate.
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Q. Skeletal muscle connective tissue components:
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Epimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium
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Q. Epimysium:
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dense, irregular collagenous connective tissue enclosing the muscle as a whole.
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Q. Perimysium:
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less dense irregular collagenous connective tissue enclosing bundles of muscle fibers
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Q. Endomysium:
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reticular fibers and a basal lamina (called external lamina) enclosing each individual fiber.
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Q. Skeletal muscle behavior:
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collagen fibers of the multiple fibrous wrappings merge with those of the dense connective tissue structures on which the muscle pulls, commonly tendons, aponeuroses, or periosteum
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Q. Myofribils:
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striated cylindrical contractile element found in the cytoplasm
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Q. Skeletal muscle Banding:
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During contraction, the length of the filaments that produce the bands do not change, but they slide past each other. Thick filaments are myosin & actin.
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Q. Cardiac Muscle:
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Layers are separated by thin connective tissue sheets containing blood vessels, nerves, and the cardiac conducting system. Cardiac muscle contracts spontaneously.
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Q.Cardiac muscle characteristics:
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Not voluntary. cardiac muscle cell has a usually single nucleus that lies centrally within the cell. These are complex structures with both lateral and transverse portions.
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Q. Smooth muscle:
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No striations. Not under voluntary control.
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Q. Where are smooth muscle found:
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walls of hollow viscera, walls of blood vessels, larger ducts of compound glands, the respiratory passages, and in small bundles in the dermis of the skin
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Q. Smooth muscle characteristics:
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Capable of protein synthesis. Each fiber is a single cell with a central nucleus and tapering ends. Thick and thin filaments are found in the cytoplasm
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