Muscle Tissue

Front 1

muscle

Back 1

organ which converts chemically stored energy into mechanical energy

Front 2

characteristics of muscles

Back 2

1. they are contractile
2. they cause movement
3. irritable (respond to action potentials)
4. extensible (able to be stretched)
5. elastic (return to original shape)

Front 3

kinds of muscle tissue

Back 3

skeletal
cardiac (heart)
vasceral (smooth)

Front 4

general info on skeletal muscle

Back 4

-most obvious
-most abundant
-40% body wieght
-attatches to bone
-voluntary
-quick and forceful contractions
-striated

Front 5

sarcophagous

Back 5

"flesh eating"

Front 6

belly (gaster)

Back 6

meat, mainly skeletal muscle tissue

Front 7

tendons attatch muscle to:

Back 7

origin (more fixed) or insertion (more movable)

Front 8

bursae

Back 8

sacs of synovial fluid between bone and:
tendon
muscle
ligament
skin

Front 9

tendonitis

Back 9

inflammation of a tendon

Front 10

tenosynovitis

Back 10

inflammation of tendons, tendon sheaths, and synovial membranes surrounding certain joints ex: wrists, shoulders, feet

Front 11

what keeps muscles together?

Back 11

deep fascia

Front 12

a muscle is a group of what?

Back 12

group of fascicles wrapped in epimysium

Front 13

fasciculus

Back 13

bundle of muscle fibers wrapped in perimysium

Front 14

cell fiber (in muscle)

Back 14

long, straight wrapped in endomysium
red w/ more cappilaries and mitochondria
white w/ low myoglobin count

Front 15

innervation

Back 15

each sarcolemma is almost touched by an axon terminal

Front 16

sarcolemma

Back 16

plasma membrane w/ transverse tubules

Front 17

sarcoplasm

Back 17

muscular cytoplasm in very small amounts

Front 18

multinucleate

Back 18

many peripheally located nuclei

Front 19

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Back 19

tube-like network covering myofibrils

Front 20

triad (muscle)

Back 20

T-tubule and 2 terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Front 21

myofibrils

Back 21

-longitudinally oriented
-made up of many, short myofilaments
-80% of muscle cell volume

Front 22

myofilaments

Back 22

thick-light and heavy meromyosin
thin-actin, tropomyosin, and troponin
parallel to eachother in overlapping arrays

Front 23

sarcomere

Back 23

functional contractile unit of skeletal muscle contraction
anatomical unit of a myofibril
delineated by Z discs
4,500 along length of single myofibril

Front 24

I band

Back 24

(isotropic)
less dense, light area of thin myofilaments

Front 25

A band

Back 25

(ansiotropic)
dense, dark area of thick myofilaments

Front 26

M line

Back 26

line of threadlike protein molecules

Front 27

H zone

Back 27

thick myofilaments only

Front 28

during muscle contraction:

Back 28

-thin myofilaments are moved inward
-H zone may disappear and thin lyofilaments overlap

Front 29

layers of the heart

Back 29

1. epicardium-outer layer of wall, epithelium and C.T.
2. myocardium-middle layer cardiac muscle
3. endocardium- inner smooth layer endothelium, C.T and smooth muscle

Front 30

general info- cardiac muscle

Back 30

striated under microscope bc myofilaments in myofibrils
contains fibrous skeleton
lacks satellite cells

Front 31

shape of cardiac muscle cells

Back 31

irregular-roughly quadrangular

Front 32

sarcolemma of cardiac muscle cells

Back 32

thin, poorly defined. connected by intercalated discs w/ gap junctions and desmosomes

Front 33

myofibrils of cardiac muscle

Back 33

well achored to sarcolemmal membranes
less distinct than skeletal muscle
may be branched

Front 34

mitochondria (sarcosomes) of cardiac muscle

Back 34

more numerous and larger than skeletal muscle

Front 35

major networks of myocardial cells

Back 35

walls and septum of atria
walls and septum of ventricles

Front 36

fibers in smooth muscle tissue

Back 36

small, thickin middle and taper at each end
staggered arrangement
contain 1 nucleus and intermediate filaments attached to dense bodies
fibers can divide

Front 37

2 kinds of smooth muscle tissue

Back 37

visceral (single unit)
multiunit

Front 38

visceral smooth muscle tissue

Back 38

wraparound sheets that form part of walls of hollow viscera (stomach)
1 fiber stimulated by a neuron, surrounding fibers respond (ex. peristalsis)

Front 39

muliunit smooth muscle tissue

Back 39

in walls of large blood vessels, arrector pilli muscles, ect.
each fiber has it's own motor-nerve end plate.

Front 40

stress-relaxation

Back 40

smoothe muscle fibers can stretch without developing tension (plasticity)

Front 41

sartorius

Back 41

mpecific movement associated with tailor
(active when crossing the legs) inner thigh

Front 42

buccinator

Back 42

specific movement associated w/ trumpeter- pursing lips and blowing forcefully

Front 43

risorius

Back 43

specific movement associated with laughter/grimace