Muscle Sys

Front 1

Skeletal muscle

Back 1

Connects bone to skeleton
Is striated called voluntary

Front 2

Smooth muscle

Back 2

Cells are smooth not striped primarily in viscera contractions of smooth muscle is not under conscious control

Front 3

Cardiac muscle

Back 3

Exclusively in heart. Resembles cross bw smooth and striated muscle, can generate their own elect impulse

Front 4

5 functions of skeletalmuscle

Back 4

1.produce movement-pull on tendons to move bone
2.maintain posture and body position
3. Support soft tissue-provides support for ab organs
4.gaurd ins and outs-rings of skeletal muscle guard in and out of digestive tract
5.maintain body temp. Byproduct of cell reps is heat

Front 5

Muscle fiber

Back 5

Elongated cells some 1-2' in length

Front 6

endomysium

Back 6

surround ea individual muscle fiber is a layer of connective tissue.
AROUND EVERY INDIVIDUAL CELL

Front 7

fascicle

Back 7

A compartment containing muscle fibers and their respective endomysium

Front 8

perimysium

Back 8

Connective tissue Surrounding ea fascicle also containing blood vessels and nerves

Front 9

epimysium

Back 9

Collection of fascicle and perimysiums wrapped in another layer of connective tissue

Front 10

tendon

Back 10

epimysium fibers become a tendon and fuse to the periostium connecting muscle to bone

Front 11

fascia

Back 11

All three layers of connective tissue
endomysium+perimysium+epimysium=fascia

Front 12

sarcolemm

Back 12

Cell membrane of muscle fibers

Front 13

sarcoplasm

Back 13

Cytoplasm of muscle fiber

Front 14

myofibrills

Back 14

Cylindrical structures extending through muscle fiber that contain the contracting protien

Front 15

T-tubules

Back 15

sarcolemma invalidates creating tunnels

Front 16

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Back 16

Network of membranous tunnels that connect adjacent to T-tubes

Front 17

sarcomeres

Back 17

Individual myofibril is composed of thousands of subunits stacked end to end

Front 18

cisternae

Back 18

Chambers in the sarcoplasmic reticulum filled with calcium ions

Front 19

Diff types of sarcomere

Back 19

actin-contracting protein
myosin- contracting protein
tropomyosin- prevents the 2 contracting proteins from interacting

Front 20

Neuromuscular junction

Back 20

The synapse bw axon and muscle

Front 21

vesicles

Back 21

Containers

Front 22

acetylcholine

Back 22

Neurotransmitter for axon to muscle

Front 23

receptor sites

Back 23

On the surface of the sarcolemma. Stimulating enough receptor sites cause sodium gates on the sarcolemma to open and sodium rushes into the muscle fibers

Front 24

glycolysis

Back 24

Oxy not required. Cytoplasm transforms glucose into private which relaxes ATP extracts 2 ATP
Produces lactic acid

Front 25

Cell resp

Back 25

95% of energy needs use oxygen to produce ATP and extract remaining 36 atp

Front 26

Creating phosphate

Back 26

Where excess ATP is stored During resting periods while skeletal muscles produce more ATP then is required.

Front 27

ATP to ADP to ATP

Back 27

After releasing the energy ATP becomes ADP the creating phosphate can transfer stored energy into ADP turning it back into atp

Front 28

hemoglobin

Back 28

Oxygen-caring protien

Front 29

myoglobin

Back 29

Oxygen-binding protein found in skeletal and cardiac muscle that can store oxygen

Front 30

Oxygen dept

Back 30

whn skeletal muscle runs low on avail oxygen delivered by hemoglobin it can start using oxygen stored by myoglobin

Front 31

Lactic acid

Back 31

Produced from anaerobic metabolism
The liver and cells themselves can convert lactic acid back to private which mitochondria can catabolize back to atp

Front 32

power

Back 32

Max tension/pull a muscle or muscle group can produce

Front 33

endurance

Back 33

amt of time the muscle can perform

Front 34

Fast fiber

type of meat

Where on body

Back 34

lg dial fibers, respond immediately,lg reserved of glycogen,relitivly few mitochondria,
Extreme power not much reserved

White meat

hands

Front 35

Slow fibers

type of meat

Where on body

Back 35

Small fiber, take longer to contract, grater capillary supply for oxygen supply, contains myoglobin,higher concentration of mitochondria
Lack power but high endurance

Dark meat

calves

Front 36

agonist

Back 36

Primarily responsible for producing movement

Front 37

antagonist

Back 37

Primary action opposes the movement of another muscle

Front 38

synergist

Back 38

Muscles that asset the prime mover in working more efficiently

Front 39

frontalis

Back 39

forehead

Front 40

sternocleidomastoid

Back 40

neck

Front 41

vastus lateralis

Back 41

Outside thigh

Front 42

trapezius

Back 42

Neck/ top of shoulder/upper spine

Front 43

occipitalis

Back 43

Back of head

Front 44

Rectum abdominis

Back 44

abs

Front 45

Biceps brachii

Back 45

bicept

Front 46

deltoid

Back 46

shoulder

Front 47

temporalis

Back 47

temple

Front 48

gastrocnemius

Back 48

calf

Front 49

Triceps brachii

Back 49

tricepts

Front 50

gluteus maximus

Back 50

ass

Front 51

masseter

Back 51

jaw

Front 52

Rectum femoris

Back 52

Middle thigh

Front 53

Pectorals major

Back 53

chest