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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mechanism of Diazepam (Valium)
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-↑ GABA inhibition of 1a afferents and supra spinal centers
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Indications of Diazepam (Valium)
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-Spasticity and muscle spasms
-Broadest spectrum of BZD |
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Advantages of Diazepam (Valium)
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Sedation
Relaxes muscles |
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Disadvantages of Diazepam (Valium)
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Sedation
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Mechanism of Carisoprodol (Soma, Vanadem), Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
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Polysynaptic inhibitors
Spinal cord refelx inhibtion and sedation. |
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Indications of Carisoprodol (Soma, Vanadem), Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
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Often used in combo with acetaminophen and aspirin
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Advantages of Carisoprodol (Soma, Vanadem), Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
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Relaxes muscle
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Disadvantages of Carisoprodol (Soma, Vanadem), Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
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Drowsiness, dizziness
Dependence, tolerance Avoid abrupt withdrawal |
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Mechanism of Baclofen (Lioresal)
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Structure similar to GABA
-GABAB receptor agonist -Inhibits release of excitatory transmitters -Result: relaxation of skeletal muscle and some analgesia |
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Indications of Baclofen (Lioresal)
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-Drug of choice for MS
-Intrathecal administration (maximize benefit and minimize side effects) – Have to ↑ dose over time because of tolerance |
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Advantages of Baclofen (Lioresal)
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Effective for MS
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Disadvantages of Baclofen (Lioresal)
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Muscle weakness
Withdrawal |
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Mechanism of Dantrolene (Dantrium)
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-Inhibits Ca release from sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle cells
-Inhibits muscle contraction |
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Indications of Dantrolene (Dantrium)
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Severe spasticity regardless of cause (CVA, CP, MS)
-Malignant hyperthermia (massive ↑ Ca) |
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Advantages of Dantrolene (Dantrium)
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Helps relieve spasticity
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Disadvantages of Dantrolene (Dantrium)
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Generalized muscle weakness.
Hepatotoxicity |
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Mechanism of Gabapentin (Neurontin)
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Enhances GABA activity
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Indications of Gabapentin (Neurontin)
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Good in comob with others.
Chronic Pain |
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Advantages of Gabapentin (Neurontin)
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Relieves spasticity.
Also for neuropathy |
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Disadvantages of Gabapentin (Neurontin)
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Can be psychotic effects
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Mechanisms of Botulinum toxin
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Binds to presynaptic vesicles that inhibits release of Ach
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Indications of Botulinum toxin
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Dystonias and other specific muscle spasms.
Local injeciton paralyzes specific muscles. |
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Advantages of Botulinum toxin
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Relieves spasticity.
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Disadvantages of Botulinum toxin
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Effect wears off in 2-3 months.
Limited number of muscles may be treated. May spread from injection site. |
