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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What two myofilaments are present in all types of muscle cells
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thin actin filaments
think myosin filaments |
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What is a syncytium?
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a multinucleated cell
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What cells converge to make a multinucleated single large cell muscle fiber?
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myoblast cells
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What are the three types of connective tissue that cover muscle?
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endomysium
perimysium epimysium |
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What does endomysium cover?
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surrounds indivdual muscle fibers
made of thin reticular CT |
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What does the perimysium cover?
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surrounds muscle fascicles
made of dense irregular CT |
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What are muscle fascicles?
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groups of muscle fivers having the same motor innervation so contracting together
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What does the epimysium cover?
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surrounds collection of fascicles
made of dense irregular CT. |
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What are the types of skeletal muscles?
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Type I slow oxidative
Type IIa fast oxidative glycolytic Type IIb fast glycolytic |
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What are Type I slow oxidative muscles called? What are their characteristics
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called red muscle
aerobic muscle lots of myoglobin and mitochondria slow twitch postural muscles |
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What are the characteristics of type IIa oxidative glycolytic muscle?
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less myoglobin
more adaptable |
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what are type IIb glycolytic muscles characteristics? What is it called?
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White muscle
glycogen rich anaerobic function fast twitch quick action has more nerves |
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What is the function unit of skeletal muscle?
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sacromere
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What is the A band (anisotropic)?
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portion of the sacromere that demarcates where the myosin filament is.
stays the same length during contraction |
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What is the I band(isotropic)?
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portion of the sacromere that only includes the thin actin filaments.
gets shorter during contraction as actin and myosin filaments overlap. |
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What is the H band (pale band)?
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It demarcates the distance between the thin actin filaments on either side of the sacromere.
gets smaller during contraction |
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What is the M line?
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thin center region of the myosin filaments
rich in C protein and myomesin |
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What is the Z disk?
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Where the thin actin filaments attach
delineates the borders of the sacromere. |
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What is a traid
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connection between the three tubs apart of the sacroplasmic reticulum
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Which tube of the triad releases the calcium required for muscle contraction?
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transverse tubule.
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What are the actin filaments of the muscle composed of?
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F-actin, troponin tropomysoin
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What are the myosin filaments of the sacromere composed of?
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myosin II
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What protein anchors the myosin filaments to the Z line?
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titin an elastic protein
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What anchor the actin filaments to the Z line?
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alpha actinin and nebulin
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What anchors the actin filaments to the CT of the muscle? Absence of this causes what disorder?
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dystrophin
muscular dystrophy |
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Which muscle types are striated in appearance?
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muscle and skeletal
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what do cardiac muscle cells look like?
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they are univellular striated muscle
with branched cells that have centrally located nucleus |
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Where are the nuclei on the skeletal muscle located?
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along the side of cell.
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What is a satellite cell? Where is it found?
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it is a muscle stem cell that remains dormant until needs to grow or repair
located in the skeletal muscle. |
