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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the Functions of Muscle?
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a. movement--skeletal muscles pull on tendons and make them move; peristalsis--wavelike movement in smooth muscle
b. Posture maintenance c. Support Soft Tissue d. Sphincters--2 part valve--some totally smooth muscle e. Joint stability f. Heat generation g. Store nutrients--little bit--some store glycogen |
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Muscle Fiber
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Muscle Cell
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Visceral
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pertaining to the organs of the ventral body cavity
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Refractory period
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period during which an excitable cell is not responsive to threshold stimulus
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Endomysium
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third connective tissue surrounding a single muscle cell within a fascile
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fascile
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bundles of individual muscle cells that make up a skeletal muscle
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perimysium
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connective tissue layer surrounding each cell fascicle
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epimysium
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external connective tissue wrapping surrounding a skeletal muscle--dense
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fascia
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connective tissue sheets
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origin
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the end of a muscle, usually fixed in position during contraction
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insertion
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the other end of of a muscle, moves
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tendon
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muscle to bone
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ligament
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bones to bones
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nerve impulse
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action potential, can only travel on cell membrane, not through ECF or ICF
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sacrolemma
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the plasma membrane of the muscle
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sarcoplasm
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the cytoplasm inside the flesh
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mitochondria
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the cytoplasmic organelle that is the site of ATP synthesis; "powerhouse" of the cell
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glycogen
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short term energy storage--protien molecule
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myglobin
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protien molecule; oxygen storage for muscle cells
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What does it mean when the Ca2+ concentration is very low in the muscle fiber ICF?
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In general, this is the resting potential
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Myofibrils
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organelle; a cylindrical bundle of contractile filaments within the skeletal muscle cell
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myofilaments
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actin (thin filaments) and myosin (thick filaments)
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myosin
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thick filament; there is a tail and two heads (contain ATP binding sites and ATPase; forms crossbridge with actin
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actin
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thin filament; two others are
tropomyosin--covers active site of the G actin troponin complex--contains receptors for Ca+ |
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Sarcomere
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funtional unit of contraction; the contractile unit that extends one z-line to the next; includes an entire A band and half of the I band (to the Z line) on each side of the A band.
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Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
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smooth SR--it's interconnecting tubules surround each myofibril like the sleeves of a loosely knit sweater
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Cisterna
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an expanded chamber
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Terminal Cisternae
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At the A-I juntion, adjacent to the T-tubules--these sac-like regions of the SR, specialized reservoir for Ca2+
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T-tubules
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extensions of the sarcolemma, connect to the cisternae--an invagination of the sarcolemma that project deep into the muscle cell's interior.
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What are the levels of functional organization of the Skeletal muscle?
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From largest to smallest:
skeletal muscle-->muscle fascicle-->muscle fiber-->myofibril-->sarcomere |
