Muscle Actions

Front 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 1

Rotates head, flex' head

Front 2

Scalenes

Back 2

Used in active breathing, rotates and flexes head

Front 3

Temporalis

Back 3

Elevates mandible

Front 4

Frontalis

Back 4

Elevates eyebrows

Front 5

Masseter

Back 5

Elevates mandible

Front 6

Zygomaticus major and minor

Back 6

Elevate corners of mouth

Front 7

Orbicularis oris

Back 7

Close and protrude lips

Front 8

Orbicularis oculi

Back 8

Close and squint eyes

Front 9

Erector spinae

Back 9

Extends the vertebral collumn

Front 10

Rectus abdominus

Back 10

Flexes the vertebral column, rotates the vertebral collumn, compresses the abdomen

Front 11

External abdominal oblique

Back 11

Flexes the vertebral column, rotates the vertebral column, laterally flexes the vertebral column, compresses the abdomen

Front 12

Internal abdominal oblique

Back 12

Flexes the vertebral column, rotates the vertebral column, laterally flexes the vertebral column, compresses the abdomen

Front 13

Transversus abdominus

Back 13

Compresses the abdomen

Front 14

External intercostals

Back 14

Raise ribs, increases thoracic volume, used in inspiration

Front 15

Internal intercostals

Back 15

Lowers ribs, used in expiration

Front 16

Diaphragm

Back 16

increases thoracic volume, used in inspiration, used in expiration

Front 17

Abdominal Muscles relax

Back 17

Increases thoracic volume

Front 18

Trapezius

Back 18

Elevates the scapula, Depresses the scapula, retracts (or fixes) the scapula, rotates the scapula upward

Front 19

Rhomboideus major and minor

Back 19

Retracts (or fixes) the scapula, rotates the scapula downward

Front 20

Levator scapulae

Back 20

Elevates the scapula, retracts (or fixes) the scapula

Front 21

Serratus anterior

Back 21

Protracts the scapula, rotates the scapula upward

Front 22

Pectoralis minor

Back 22

Depresses the scapula, protracts the scapula

Front 23

Pectoralis major

Back 23

Flexes the arm, adducts the arm

Front 24

Latissimus dorsi

Back 24

Extends the arm, adducts the arm

Front 25

Deltoid

Back 25

Flexes the arm, extends the arm, abducts the arm

Front 26

Coracobrachialis

Back 26

Flexes the arm, adducts the arm

Front 27

Teres major

Back 27

Extends the arm, adducts the arm

Front 28

Supraspinatus

Back 28

Abducts the arm

Front 29

Triceps Brachii (shoulder)

Back 29

Extends the arm

Front 30

Biceps Brachii (shoulder)

Back 30

Flexes the arm

Front 31

Infraspinatus

Back 31

Laterally rotates the arm

Front 32

Teres minor

Back 32

Laterally rotates the arm

Front 33

Subscapularis

Back 33

Medially rotates the arm

Front 34

Triceps Brachii (elbow)

Back 34

Extends the forearm

Front 35

Biceps Brachii (elbow)

Back 35

Flexes the forearm, supinates the forearm

Front 36

Brachialis

Back 36

Flexes the forearm

Front 37

Brachioradialis

Back 37

Flexes the forearm

Front 38

Pronator teres

Back 38

Pronates the forearm

Front 39

Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis

Back 39

Extends hand, abducts hand

Front 40

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Back 40

Extends hand, adducts hand

Front 41

Flexor carpi radialis

Back 41

Flexes hand, abducts hand

Front 42

Palmaris longus

Back 42

Flexes hand

Front 43

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Back 43

Flexes hand, adducts hand

Front 44

Extensor digitorum

Back 44

Extends digits

Front 45

Extensor digiti minimi

Back 45

extend 5th digit

Front 46

Extensor pollicis brevis/longus

Back 46

Extend 1st digit (thumb)

Front 47

Abductor pollicis longus

Back 47

Extend 1st digit (thumb), abduct 1st digit (thumb)

Front 48

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Back 48

Flex digits and hand

Front 49

Flexor pollicis longus

Back 49

Flex 1st digit (thumb)

Front 50

Iliopsoas

Back 50

Flexes thigh, flexes trunk

Front 51

Tensor fasciae lata (flexion extension of hip)

Back 51

Flexes thigh, flexes trunk

Front 52

Rectus femoris

Back 52

Flexes thigh, flexes trunk

Front 53

Sartorius

Back 53

Flexes thigh, flexes trunk

Front 54

Gluteus maximus (flexion extension of hip)

Back 54

Extends thigh, extends trunk

Front 55

Hamstring muscles

Back 55

Extends thigh, extends trunk

Front 56

Tensor fascia lata (adduction, abduction of thigh)

Back 56

Stabilizes knee, abducts thigh

Front 57

Gluteus maximus (adduction, abduction of thigh)

Back 57

Abducts thigh

Front 58

Gluteus medias (Adduction, abduction of thigh)

Back 58

Prevents hip sag, abducts thigh

Front 59

Medial thigh muscles

Back 59

Adducts thigh

Front 60

Deep thigh rotators

Back 60

Laterally rotates the thigh

Front 61

Gluteus maximus (rotator movements)

Back 61

Laterally rotates the thigh

Front 62

Glueteus medius (rotator movements)

Back 62

Medially rotates the thigh

Front 63

Tensor fascia lata (Rotator movements)

Back 63

Medially rotates the thigh

Front 64

Quadraceps femoris

Back 64

Extends the leg

Front 65

Hamstring muscles (Knee joint)

Back 65

flexes the leg

Front 66

Sartorius (Knee joint)

Back 66

Flexes the leg

Front 67

Gracilis (Knee joint)

Back 67

Flexes the leg

Front 68

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Back 68

Plantar flex foot

Front 69

Fibularis longus and brevis (foot and toe)

Back 69

Plantar flex the foot, evert the foot

Front 70

Extensor digitorum longus (foot and toe)

Back 70

Dorsiflex the foot, estend the toes

Front 71

Tibialis anterior

Back 71

Dorsiflex the foot, invert the foot