Musc 8 Final

Front 1

Igor Stravinsky

Back 1

polyrhythm, modernist, from Russia, composed rite of Spring(ballet) for the Ballet Rus, Nationalist,

Front 2

Scott Joplin

Back 2

American, Ragtime, pianist. Composed Maple Leaf Rag

Front 3

Johannes Brahms

Back 3

Conservative- composed more in the classical style even though he lived in the romantic era

Front 4

Franz Schubert

Back 4

Art Songs- in classical and romantic style. Main composer of art songs. German.

Front 5

Antonin Dvorak

Back 5

Russian that came to America, Nationalist. Composed the character piece "The Moldau"

Front 6

Charles Ives

Back 6

American Modernist composer. Successful businessman that composed but did not publish until much later.

Front 7

Giuseppe Verdi

Back 7

Italian opera composer in the second half of the 1800's. took much more time on his compositions than earlier "bel canto" opera composers

Front 8

Frederic Chopin

Back 8

composed only for the piano, including many "nocturnes"

Front 9

Arnold Schoenberg

Back 9

Modernist, proponent of 12-tone serialism

Front 10

Leonard Bernstein

Back 10

Composed for Broadway(West Side Story), great music educator, conductor of the new york phil for a long time, conducted the performance of Beethoven's 9th symphony at the fall of the Berlin wall

Front 11

Stephen Foster

Back 11

Composer of American Folksongs, first great "american" composer, composed "O susanna", "camptown races"

Front 12

Richard Wagner

Back 12

leitmotif, German opera, composed the Ring Cycle. Also hated Jews

Front 13

Aaron Copland

Back 13

American composer, composed Appalachian Spring(ballet). Worked against the modernist ideal that music didn't need to sound good.

Front 14

George Gershwin

Back 14

Composed Porgy and Bess. American pianist, incorporated jazz elements into classical compositions

Front 15

William Billings

Back 15

first American choral composer

Front 16

George Bizet

Back 16

composed the opera Carmen(realistic opera)

Front 17

Peter Tchaikovsky

Back 17

Russian, composed ballet/symphonies. not one of the russian five

Front 18

Giacomo Puccini

Back 18

composed from 1900- 1930(ish). composed realistic opera

Front 19

Hector Berlioz

Back 19

composed for huge orchestras- Symphony fantastique. renowned for skills in orchestration. introduced the idee fixe

Front 20

Giacomo Rossini

Back 20

composer of Bel Canto operas. composed in first half the the 1800's

Front 21

Claude Debussy

Back 21

impressionist composer- composed Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun, utilized pentatonic and whole tone scales

Front 22

Clara Wieck

Back 22

great pianist that married Schumann.

Front 23

John Cage

Back 23

modernist. composer of "chance" music (aleatory). composed the piece 4' 33"

Front 24

Franz Lizst

Back 24

arguably the greatest pianist of all time. composed the transcendental etudes. composer of the symphonic poem

Front 25

Modest Mussorgsky

Back 25

Nationalist Russian composer. One of the Russian Five. composed scenes at an exhibition (promenade, great gate of kiev, etc.)

Front 26

Louis Moreau Gottschalk

Back 26

American, composed in the civil war era

Front 27

Stephen Mallarme

Back 27

wrote the poem that Prelude to the afternoon of a faun ins based on

Front 28

character pieces

Back 28

for the piano. usually less than 10 minutes, intended to depict a certain mood or "character"

Front 29

gestamptkunstwerk

Back 29

"complete art work"- Wagner's ideal

Front 30

sprechstimme

Back 30

"sung speech"-really ugly

Front 31

musical theater

Back 31

theater that involves music? basically a more accessible version of operas, very popular in English speaking countries

Front 32

art song

Back 32

a piece for voice and piano. dominated by Schubert

Front 33

leitmotif/idee fixe

Back 33

a recurring theme meant to depict a certain character or idea in a longer piece of music (such as the Symphony fantastique or Wagner's operas)

Front 34

12-tone (serial) composition

Back 34

a really bad way of composing music that disregards typical conventions such as chord progressions and not sounding like poop

Front 35

ragtime

Back 35

type of composition that featured lots of syncopation. popularized by Scott Joplin

Front 36

symphonic poem (tone poem)

Back 36

shorter pieces for orchestras. similar to the idea of a character piece but for an orchestra rather than just a piano

Front 37

Ring Cycle

Back 37

18 hours of Wagner Opera, 4 different operas

Front 38

blues

Back 38

an american style of composition. typically a twelve bar structure that features improvisation as well as "bending" of the pitch

Front 39

program music

Back 39

music that follows a story, this story was often put in the program so listeners could follow along. example is Symphony Fantastique

Front 40

realistic opera

Back 40

opera that followed the "bel canto" style. focused more on real people and their struggle rather than the upper classes

Front 41

aleatoric music

Back 41

"chance" music- in theory, it is never the same any two times it is performed.

Front 42

dissonance

Back 42

two notes that don't sound good together. seconds, tritones are examples

Front 43

musical nationalism-Russian five

Back 43

a movement to embrace what is "german" about music, or "russian". Russian five are an example of this movement as it appeared in Russia.

Front 44

Impressionism

Back 44

a musical movement that mirrored an art movement by the same time. Prelude to the afternoon of a faun is a good example. doesn't really go anywhere, just kind of ebbs and flows

Front 45

electronic music (2 types )

Back 45

synthesized (all sounds created by computerization) and musique concrete( samples sounds from nature/human activity)

Front 46

nocturne

Back 46

a type of piano song, Chopin composed many of them. Meant to evoke the nighttime.

Front 47

whole tone, pentatonic scale

Back 47

scales used by debussy, those after him. did not have much dissonance due to the lack of the tritone in the scale, no leading tone pull

Front 48

minimalism

Back 48

Phillip Glass and John Adams composed this type of music. usually very repetitive and tries not to use very many new ideas

Front 49

atonal music

Back 49

music that is not "in a key"- it has no tonal home