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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Multiple-Baseline Designs Across Problems, Clients, or Settings |
1. Target, Client, Setting x A - B.
2. Target, Client, Setting y A - - - B.
3. Target, Client, Setting z A - - - - - - B |
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Multiple baseline across clients |
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Multiple baselines across settings |
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Multiple baselines across problems |
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Strengths for Multiple-Baseline Designs |
1. No removal of successful intervention. 2. Use with multiple problems with same client; or multiple settings with same client; or multiple clients with same problem. 3. Carryover or irreversibility effects not as prominent. 4. Show strong probability that intervention caused the outcome |
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Limitations for Multiple-Baseline Designs |
1. Must use the same intervention for all targets. 2. Difficult to use when base-lines are unstable. 3. Must determine order of targets for intervention. 4. Changes in target problem may show up in other baselines - carryover effect |
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Multiple Target Designs |
1. Target x A - B.
2. Target y A - C.
2. Target z A - D |
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Strengths and Limitations for Multiple Target Design |
Strengths - Simple.
Limitations - Does not prove causality |
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Crossover Designs |
1. Client or Target x A - B. 2. Client or Target y B - A. or. 3. Client or Target x A - B - C. 4. Client or Target y A - C - B |
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Crossover Designs drawing |
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Strengths and Limitations for Crossover Design |
Strengths - Allows for Comparisons.
Limitations - Infer causality |
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Constant-Series Designs
Baseline-Only Control |
Target x A.
Target y A - B |
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Constant-Series - Baseline Only Control drawing |
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Constant-Series Designs
Intervention-Only Control |
Target x B.
Target y A - B |
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Constant-Series Designs Intervention-Only Control Drawing |
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Strengths and Limitations for Constant-Series Designs |
Strengths - Adds confidence of causality to the A - B.
Limitations - Not logically strong designs |
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Changing Intensity Designs
2 types |
A - B1 (superscript) - B2 (Superscript) - B3 (Superscript).
Program and Criterion
The numbers should be to the upper right of B, but the slides won't let me do that. :( |
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Changing Criterion in a Changing Intensity Design |
Criterion (client's objectives or requirements) is increased in stepwise fashion |
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Changing Program in a Changing Intensity Design |
The intensity of intervention (more or less of it) is increased in stepwise fashion. Used to get better results or to fade out near completion. |
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Strengths and Limitations of the Changing Intensity Design |
Strengths 1. Flexible, simple, no removal of intervention. 2. Motivating to client and clinician when sub-goals met.
Limitations 1. Baselines need to stabilize. 2. Requires close monitoring. 3. Does not establish causality |
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Successive Intervention Designs |
A - B - C.
A - B - A - C.
A - B - A - C - A |
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Strengths and Limitations for Successive Intervention Control Designs |
Strengths - Causality.
Limitations - Carryover effects, hard to explain to client why you changed intervention |
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Successive Intervention Control drawing |
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Comparing Intervention Designs
Alternating Intervention Design |
A - B/C - (B or C) |
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Alternating Intervention Design |
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Strengths and Limitations for Alternating Intervention Design |
Strengths - Allows comparison of two interventions.
Limitations - Does not rule out contrast effects (improvements due to the client's awareness of different interventions) |
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Comparing Intervention Designs
Interaction Design |
A1 - B1 - A2 - B2 - BC1 - B3 - BC2.
(All numbers should Subscript) |
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Strengths and Limitations of Interaction Design |
Strengths - Infer causality.
Limitations - Complex, time consuming |
