Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
coxa valga
|
when the femoral head neck angle is more than 135 degrees
|
|
|
coxa vara
|
when the femoral head neck angle is less than 120 degrees
|
|
|
femoral anteverson
|
- when the angle of the neck with the head is greater than 15 degrees
- this person will walk with an intoeing gate |
|
|
femoral retroversion
|
- when the angle of the neck with the head is less than 5 degrees
- this person will walk with an out-toeing gate |
|
|
fractures of the proximal femur
|
- in elderly women
- may be intracapsular neck or extracapsuar intertrochanteric region - either one makes the limb appear shortened and externally rotated |
|
|
Trendelenburg sign
|
- weakness of gluteus medius and minimus
- sagging of the contralateral side when standing ont he affected side |
|
|
external hip rotators
|
- gluteus maximus
- obturators - gemelli - piriformis - quadratus femoris |
|
|
internal hip rotators
|
- anterior gluteus medius
- tensor fascia lata |
|
|
thigh abduction contractures
|
affected limb appears longer
|
|
|
thigh adduction contractures
|
affected limb appears shorter
|
|
|
how are the MCL and LCL oriented
|
- stretched most tightly in extension
- oppose lateral rotation |
|
|
how is the ACL oriented?
|
- upward and backward, lateral
- taght in full extension, so they rotate tibia laterally |
|
|
how is the PCL oriented?
|
- upward and forward, medial
- taght in full extension, so they rotate tibia laterally |
|
|
besides hinge movement, what goes on with leg extension
|
- femur slides back
- lateral rotation (lateral condlye exhausts surface first), so tighening of collateral ligaments |
|
|
besides hinge movement, what goes on with leg flextion
|
- its preceded by medial rotation by the popliteus
- relexes the stretched colateral ligaments |
|
|
all about the anterior leg compartment
|
- dorsiflex ankle, extend toes
- via deep fibular nerve - supplied by anterior tibial artery |
|
|
all about the posterior leg compartment
|
- plantar flex ankle, flex toes, invert foot
- via tibial nerve - supplied by posterior tibial artery |
|
|
all about the lateral leg compartment
|
- eversion of the foot
- via superficial fibular nerve - no artery proper to it |
|
|
pes cavus
|
too tall arch
|
|
|
pes plaus
|
flat foot
|
|
|
femoral nerve
|
- L2-4, anterior to pelvis
- gets quads, sartorius - cutaneous anterior thigh and medial leg |
|
|
obturaor nerve
|
- L2-4, anteiror to pelvis
- gets adductors - cutaneous medial thigh |
|
|
superior gluteal nerve
|
- L4-5
- gets medius and minimus, tensor fascia lata |
|
|
inferior gluteal nerve
|
- L5-S2
- maximus |
|
|
sciatic nerve
|
- posterior thigh
- turns into tibial and fibular |
|
|
what nerves supply the foot?
|
- medial plantar and lateral plantar
- from the tibial nerve |
|
|
what nerve supplies the leg skin?
|
saphenous nerve, from the femoral nerve
|
|
|
what artery supplies the femoral head?
|
- retinacular arteries
- from the medial circumflex of the profunda femoris |
|
|
where does the great saphenous vein drain
|
medial leg
|
|
|
where does the small saphenous vein drain
|
lateral, posteior leg
|
|
|
where in the leg are anastamoses not sufficient for an occlusion?
|
- around the knee joint
- bad if femoral or popliteal artery is occluded |
|
|
antalgic limp
|
- from pain
- shortened stance phase on affected side - if pain from hip joint (coxalgia), lurch of trunk toward painful side in stance |
|
|
abductor lurch
|
- weakened medius
- trunk lurches toward weakened side to move the center of gravity |
|
|
gluteus maximus lurch
|
- trunk lurches backwards at heal strike
- this is b/c it begins to contract at heal strike to slow forward motion |
|
|
gait w/ paralyzed quad
|
- can walk b/c leg acts as pendulum to extend the knee before heel strike
- cant run or walk on rough surfaces |
|
|
calcaneus gait
|
- gait w/ calf muscles paralyzed
- can't push off - extension of hip by maximus and hamstring |
|
|
gait w/ different limb lengths
|
- lowering of shoulder on the shorter side in stace
- shift in trunk to short side in stance |
|
|
gluteus maximus lurch
|
- trunk lurches backwards at heal strike
- this is b/c it begins to contract at heal strike to slow forward motion |
|
|
gait w/ paralyzed quad
|
- can walk b/c leg acts as pendulum to extend the knee before heel strike
- cant run or walk on rough surfaces |
|
|
calcaneus gait
|
- gait w/ calf muscles paralyzed
- can't push off - extension of hip by maximus and hamstring |
|
|
gait w/ different limb lengths
|
- lowering of shoulder on the shorter side in stace
- shift in trunk to short side in stance |
