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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
If a patient complains of:-change in bladder function-change in menstrual cycle-symptoms related to eatingwhat may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms?
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possible GI/GU problems
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what is the difference between a sPrain and a sTrain?
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sPrain - ligament damagesTrain - Tendon damage
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if a patient complains of pain:-generally lessening @ night-being sharp/superficial ache-decreasing w/ activity-changing w/ mechanical streeis the pain systemic or musculoskeletal?
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musculoskeletal
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If a patient complains of pain:-distrubing sleep-deep aching/throbbing-reduced by pressureis it systemic or musculoskeletal?
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systemic pain
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If a patient complains of:-worst pain @ night-constant pain-unexplained weight losswhat may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms?
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possible cancer
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If a patient complains of:-changes in hearing/vision-frequent/severe headaches-problems w/ balancewhat may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms?
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possible neurological disorder
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what are 2 causes of bicipital tendinits?
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-the long head of the bicep is impinged beneath the acromion-the tendon is sheared in the bicipital groove, causes irritation
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If a patient complains of pain:-constant/waves of spasm-not associated w/ mechanical stress-associated w/ other systemic changesis it systemic or musculoskeletal?
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systemic pain
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If a patient complains of:-frequent/severe abdominal pain-frequent heart burn/indigestion-frequent nausea/vomittingwhat may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms?
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possible GI/GU problems
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if a patient complains of pain being sharp & superficial, is the pain most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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musculoskeletal
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If a patient complains of pain that is:-capsular-dull-achingwhat structure is the pain possibly coming from?
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ligament
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what is the difference between a shoulder dislocation and a shoulder separation?
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-shoulder dislocation: the shoulder comes apart-shoulder separation: clavicle comes apart
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how much is the total ScapuloThoracic ROM?
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60 deg
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what motions usually cause a GlenoHumeral dislocation / subluxation?
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violent ABD & ER of the humerus
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what is the difference between an impairment, a functional limitation, and a disability?
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impairment - loss of...(ex. ROM, strength)functional limitation - inability to ... (ex. put on shirt, drive)disability - cannot... (ex. play sports, go up multiple level buildlings)
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if a patient complains of pain being not associated w/ mechanical stress, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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systemic
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what is a Bankart Lesion and how is it caused?
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when the anterior labrum is disrupted due to excessive ABD & ER
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if a patient complains of pain being constant or having waves of spasm, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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systemic
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when a patient complains of pain being throbbing, where may it be coming from?
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vascular
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if a patient complains of pain being:-sharp-burning-along the nerve distributionwhat structure is the pain most likely coming from?
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nerve
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If a patient complains of:-loss of appetite-unusual lumps, growths-unwarranted fatiguewhat may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms?
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possible cancer
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If a patient complains of:-fainting spells-sudden weakness-changes in speech-problems swallowingwhat may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms?
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possible neurological disorder
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after performing a MMT (isometric testing), the patient states that they're PAIN-FREE, and the strength is there, what may you assume is wrong w/ the structure?
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nothing. that is the normal response.
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after performing a MMT (isometric testing), you notice that the contraction is WEAK and the patient is PAIN-FREE. what may you assume is wrong w/ the structure being tested?
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there may be a rupture, avulsion, or nerve injury
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if a pain changes w/ mechanical stress, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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musculoskeletal
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if a patient complains of pain being:-cramping-dull-aching-hard to localizewhat structure do you think the pain may be coming from?
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muscle
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If a patient comes in w/ a A-C separation in where the capsule is only affected with minor deformity, what grade is that separation?
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grade 1
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When a patient complains of:-fever/night sweats-recent severe emotional disturbances-swelling/redness of joint w/o trauma-pregnancyyou may consider these things to be...
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RED FLAGS
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what are some ways that you can measure loss of ROM?
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-Goniometer:AROM/PROM-Muscle Length Testing-Testing for Joint Play Mobility-provocation test
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what is the difference between a subluxation vs. a dislocation?
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dislocation - when the joint comes apart & stays apartsubluxation - when the joint comes apart & goes back in
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after performing a MMT (isometric testing), the patient complains of pain & weakness. Besides the grading, what do you think may be wrong?
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possible severe lesion in the muscle or tendon
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if a patient complains of pain being:-deep-boring-localizedwhere may the pain be coming from?
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bone
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If a patient complains of:-shortness of breath-unexplained swelling-dizzinesswhat may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms?
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possible cardiovascular problems
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if a pain is disturbing during sleep, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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systemic
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what are one of the possible interventions for A-C arthritis?
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distal clavicular resection
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If a patient comes in w/ a A-C separation in where A-C & C-C ligaments are disrupted and there is significant deformity, what grade is that separation?
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grade 3
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if a patient states that the pain generally lessens @ night, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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musculoskeletal
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if a pain is, deep aching/throbbing, is it most likely musculoskeletal or systemic?
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systemic
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what is a possible cause of rotator cuff impingement?
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the bursa of the supraspinatus flaring up due to irritation from the acromion
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what is the function of the middle GlenoHumeral ligament?
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limits ER in neutral
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what is the function of the superior GlenoHumeral ligament?
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prevents inferior subluxation of the humerus
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what are 2 possible causes of scapular winging?
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1. poor posture2. long thoracic nerve palsy
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Describe the medical model that PT's normally follow.
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-physical examination-diagnostic testing-developing a diagnosis-creating a plan of care-implementing a plan of care-assessing outcomes
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what is the closed-pack position of the GlenoHumeral joint?
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90 deg ER along with 90 deg of ABD
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if a pain reduced by pressure, is it most likely musculoskeletal or systemic?
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systemic
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If a patient complains of:-chest pain/ heaviness-constant severe leg/arm pain-pulsating pain-discolored, painful feetwhat may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms?
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possible cardiovascular problems
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If a patient comes in w/ a A-C separation & the capsule is affected, the C-C ligament is stretched, and there is moderate deformity, what grade is that separation?
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grade 2
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after performing a MMT (isometric testing), the patient complains that there is pain, but the strength is strong, what may you assume is wrong w/ the structure?
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that there is a local lesion in the muscle or tendon
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what directions do the most GH dislocations occur at?
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anterior & inferior
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what structures may cause a loss of ROM?
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-joint capsule restriction-tight muscles-muscle spasm-muscle weakness-pain
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what is a Hills Sach Lesion?
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when the humeral head is indented due to repeated banging of the humerus on the posterior labrum.
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what are the functions of the inferior glenohumeral ligament?
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-limits ER in 90/90 position -prevents anterior dislocation
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what is a SLAP lesion?
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disruption of the Superior Labrum Anterior & Posterior caused by a tear in the long head of the biceps attachment
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name & describe the first stage of a frozen shoulder?
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freezing stage - starts w/ inflammatory process & may appear as impingement syndrome; shoulder becomes painful and then stiff; the subscap trigger point limits ER & ABD
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what is the final stage of a frozen shoulder and when does it occur?
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thawing stage - spontaneously return ROM & pain goes away. ocrrus w/in 5-12 months
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name & describe the second stage of a frozen shoulder?
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frozen shoulder - adhesive capsulitis. PT intervention does nothing.
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in an acute phase of an injury, what physical therapy intervention would you give a patient?
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-Anti-inflammatory modalities-Graded Passive ROM-Mobilization
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in a sub-acute phase of an injury, what physical therapy intervention would you give a patient?
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-progressive AROM-graded PRE's-functional activities
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Name some local modalities that you would use on shoulder pain.
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-ice-heat-ultrasound-phonophoresis-electrical stimulation
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Name some manual therapy techniques that you would use on shoulder pain.
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-oscillatory techniques-graded mobilization
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Name some AROM techniques that you would use on shoulder pain.
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-pendulum exercises-light teraband exercises
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In the mobilization grades, what is the purpose of grade 1 & 2?
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to reduce pain
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In the mobilization grades, what is the purpose of grade 3-5?
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to increase mobility w/in the joint range
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In the mobilization grades, what is done in grade 5?
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manipulation of the joint
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Name some accessory motions of the shoulder.
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-lateral distraction-anterior glide-posterior glide-inferrior glide-A/p & inf/sup glide of the A-C joint-A/p & inf/sup glide of the S-C joint-passive motion of the scapula
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what is an important step in performing an anterior glide of the GH?
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take up the slack before applying gentle glide
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what is an important step in GH posterior glide?
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IR humerus before applying downward pressure
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what are some treatments of tendinitis?
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-transverse friction massage-local modalities (heat, ice, US, estim)-stretching-strengthening-scapula stabilization-posture correction
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what muscles may require a transverse friction massage?
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-supraspinatus-infraspinatus-long head of biceps-periscapular trigger points (pec minor, subscap, levator scap)
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how do you strengthen type I muscles?
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-low resistance, high reps/volume-isolate joint motions
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what are some kinds of type I muscles?
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rotator cuff muscles
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how do you strengthen type II muscles?
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-high resistance, low reps/volume-single or multiple joint movements
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name some kinds of type II muscles.
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-deltoids-pec major
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what does TUBS stand for?
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-Traumatic-Unilateral-Bankart Lesion-Surgery
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with a Bankart lesion (TUBS), what motion needs to be avoided in the initial stage?
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ABD & ER
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when would a shoulder patient be in the maximum protection phase?
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post-op
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what are restrictions in the maximum protection phase?
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-limit both AROM & PROM-no resistive exercise-pain relieving modalities
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what thereapy can be done in the moderate protection phase?
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-increase PROM-begin selective AROM-limited resistive exercise-little or no "passive" modalities
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what therapy can be done in the minimum protection phase?
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-full AROM & PROM-vigorous strengthening exercises-functional activities
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how do you treat scalene thoracic outlet syndrome?
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-gently stretch scalenes-soft tissue mobilization to the scalenes-mobilizae 1st rib as needed-correct postureal fault-instruct in diaphragmatic breathing
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how do you treat pec minor thoracic outlet syndrome?
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-stretch pec minor-soft tissue mobilization-MFR pec minor-correct forward shoulder posture-strengthen scapula stabilizers
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in graded mobilization, what is the purpose of grades 3 & 4?
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to increase motion
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