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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If a patient complains of:
-change in bladder function -change in menstrual cycle -symptoms related to eating what may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms? |
possible GI/GU problems
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what is the difference between a sPrain and a sTrain?
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sPrain - ligament damage
sTrain - Tendon damage |
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if a patient complains of pain:
-generally lessening @ night -being sharp/superficial ache -decreasing w/ activity -changing w/ mechanical stree is the pain systemic or musculoskeletal? |
musculoskeletal
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If a patient complains of pain:
-distrubing sleep -deep aching/throbbing -reduced by pressure is it systemic or musculoskeletal? |
systemic pain
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If a patient complains of:
-worst pain @ night -constant pain -unexplained weight loss what may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms? |
possible cancer
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If a patient complains of:
-changes in hearing/vision -frequent/severe headaches -problems w/ balance what may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms? |
possible neurological disorder
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what are 2 causes of bicipital tendinits?
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-the long head of the bicep is impinged beneath the acromion
-the tendon is sheared in the bicipital groove, causes irritation |
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If a patient complains of pain:
-constant/waves of spasm -not associated w/ mechanical stress -associated w/ other systemic changes is it systemic or musculoskeletal? |
systemic pain
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If a patient complains of:
-frequent/severe abdominal pain -frequent heart burn/indigestion -frequent nausea/vomitting what may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms? |
possible GI/GU problems
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if a patient complains of pain being sharp & superficial, is the pain most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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musculoskeletal
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If a patient complains of pain that is:
-capsular -dull -aching what structure is the pain possibly coming from? |
ligament
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what is the difference between a shoulder dislocation and a shoulder separation?
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-shoulder dislocation: the shoulder comes apart
-shoulder separation: clavicle comes apart |
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how much is the total ScapuloThoracic ROM?
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60 deg
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what motions usually cause a GlenoHumeral dislocation / subluxation?
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violent ABD & ER of the humerus
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what is the difference between an impairment, a functional limitation, and a disability?
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impairment - loss of...(ex. ROM, strength)
functional limitation - inability to ... (ex. put on shirt, drive) disability - cannot... (ex. play sports, go up multiple level buildlings) |
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if a patient complains of pain being not associated w/ mechanical stress, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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systemic
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what is a Bankart Lesion and how is it caused?
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when the anterior labrum is disrupted due to excessive ABD & ER
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if a patient complains of pain being constant or having waves of spasm, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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systemic
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when a patient complains of pain being throbbing, where may it be coming from?
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vascular
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if a patient complains of pain being:
-sharp -burning -along the nerve distribution what structure is the pain most likely coming from? |
nerve
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If a patient complains of:
-loss of appetite -unusual lumps, growths -unwarranted fatigue what may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms? |
possible cancer
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If a patient complains of:
-fainting spells -sudden weakness -changes in speech -problems swallowing what may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms? |
possible neurological disorder
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after performing a MMT (isometric testing), the patient states that they're PAIN-FREE, and the strength is there, what may you assume is wrong w/ the structure?
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nothing. that is the normal response.
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after performing a MMT (isometric testing), you notice that the contraction is WEAK and the patient is PAIN-FREE. what may you assume is wrong w/ the structure being tested?
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there may be a rupture, avulsion, or nerve injury
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if a pain changes w/ mechanical stress, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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musculoskeletal
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if a patient complains of pain being:
-cramping -dull -aching -hard to localize what structure do you think the pain may be coming from? |
muscle
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If a patient comes in w/ a A-C separation in where the capsule is only affected with minor deformity, what grade is that separation?
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grade 1
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When a patient complains of:
-fever/night sweats -recent severe emotional disturbances -swelling/redness of joint w/o trauma -pregnancy you may consider these things to be... |
RED FLAGS
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what are some ways that you can measure loss of ROM?
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-Goniometer:AROM/PROM
-Muscle Length Testing -Testing for Joint Play Mobility -provocation test |
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what is the difference between a subluxation vs. a dislocation?
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dislocation - when the joint comes apart & stays apart
subluxation - when the joint comes apart & goes back in |
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after performing a MMT (isometric testing), the patient complains of pain & weakness. Besides the grading, what do you think may be wrong?
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possible severe lesion in the muscle or tendon
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if a patient complains of pain being:
-deep -boring -localized where may the pain be coming from? |
bone
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If a patient complains of:
-shortness of breath -unexplained swelling -dizziness what may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms? |
possible cardiovascular problems
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if a pain is disturbing during sleep, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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systemic
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what are one of the possible interventions for A-C arthritis?
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distal clavicular resection
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If a patient comes in w/ a A-C separation in where A-C & C-C ligaments are disrupted and there is significant deformity, what grade is that separation?
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grade 3
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if a patient states that the pain generally lessens @ night, is it most likely systemic or musculoskeletal?
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musculoskeletal
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if a pain is, deep aching/throbbing, is it most likely musculoskeletal or systemic?
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systemic
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what is a possible cause of rotator cuff impingement?
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the bursa of the supraspinatus flaring up due to irritation from the acromion
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what is the function of the middle GlenoHumeral ligament?
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limits ER in neutral
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what is the function of the superior GlenoHumeral ligament?
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prevents inferior subluxation of the humerus
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what are 2 possible causes of scapular winging?
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1. poor posture
2. long thoracic nerve palsy |
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Describe the medical model that PT's normally follow.
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-physical examination
-diagnostic testing -developing a diagnosis -creating a plan of care -implementing a plan of care -assessing outcomes |
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what is the closed-pack position of the GlenoHumeral joint?
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90 deg ER along with 90 deg of ABD
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if a pain reduced by pressure, is it most likely musculoskeletal or systemic?
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systemic
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If a patient complains of:
-chest pain/ heaviness -constant severe leg/arm pain -pulsating pain -discolored, painful feet what may be a "RED FLAG" for these symptoms? |
possible cardiovascular problems
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If a patient comes in w/ a A-C separation & the capsule is affected, the C-C ligament is stretched, and there is moderate deformity, what grade is that separation?
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grade 2
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after performing a MMT (isometric testing), the patient complains that there is pain, but the strength is strong, what may you assume is wrong w/ the structure?
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that there is a local lesion in the muscle or tendon
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what directions do the most GH dislocations occur at?
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anterior & inferior
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what structures may cause a loss of ROM?
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-joint capsule restriction
-tight muscles -muscle spasm -muscle weakness -pain |
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what is a Hills Sach Lesion?
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when the humeral head is indented due to repeated banging of the humerus on the posterior labrum.
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what are the functions of the inferior glenohumeral ligament?
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-limits ER in 90/90 position
-prevents anterior dislocation |
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what is a SLAP lesion?
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disruption of the Superior Labrum Anterior & Posterior caused by a tear in the long head of the biceps attachment
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name & describe the first stage of a frozen shoulder?
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freezing stage - starts w/ inflammatory process & may appear as impingement syndrome; shoulder becomes painful and then stiff; the subscap trigger point limits ER & ABD
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what is the final stage of a frozen shoulder and when does it occur?
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thawing stage - spontaneously return ROM & pain goes away. ocrrus w/in 5-12 months
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name & describe the second stage of a frozen shoulder?
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frozen shoulder - adhesive capsulitis. PT intervention does nothing.
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in an acute phase of an injury, what physical therapy intervention would you give a patient?
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-Anti-inflammatory modalities
-Graded Passive ROM -Mobilization |
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in a sub-acute phase of an injury, what physical therapy intervention would you give a patient?
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-progressive AROM
-graded PRE's -functional activities |
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Name some local modalities that you would use on shoulder pain.
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-ice
-heat -ultrasound -phonophoresis -electrical stimulation |
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Name some manual therapy techniques that you would use on shoulder pain.
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-oscillatory techniques
-graded mobilization |
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Name some AROM techniques that you would use on shoulder pain.
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-pendulum exercises
-light teraband exercises |
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In the mobilization grades, what is the purpose of grade 1 & 2?
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to reduce pain
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In the mobilization grades, what is the purpose of grade 3-5?
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to increase mobility w/in the joint range
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In the mobilization grades, what is done in grade 5?
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manipulation of the joint
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Name some accessory motions of the shoulder.
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-lateral distraction
-anterior glide -posterior glide -inferrior glide -A/p & inf/sup glide of the A-C joint -A/p & inf/sup glide of the S-C joint -passive motion of the scapula |
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How would you set up for lateral distraction of the shoulder?
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what is an important step in performing an anterior glide of the GH?
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take up the slack before applying gentle glide
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How would you set up for an anterior shoulder glide?
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how would you set up for an inferior shoulder glide?
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what is an important step in GH posterior glide?
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IR humerus before applying downward pressure
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how would you set up for a posterior GH glide?
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what are some treatments of tendinitis?
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-transverse friction massage
-local modalities (heat, ice, US, estim) -stretching -strengthening -scapula stabilization -posture correction |
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what muscles may require a transverse friction massage?
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-supraspinatus
-infraspinatus -long head of biceps -periscapular trigger points (pec minor, subscap, levator scap) |
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how do you set up to palpate the supraspinatus?
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how do you set up to palpate the infraspinatus tendon?
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how do you set up to palpate the bicep long head tendon?
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how do you set up to palpate the subscapularis tendon?
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how do you strengthen type I muscles?
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-low resistance, high reps/volume
-isolate joint motions |
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what are some kinds of type I muscles?
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rotator cuff muscles
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how do you strengthen type II muscles?
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-high resistance, low reps/volume
-single or multiple joint movements |
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name some kinds of type II muscles.
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-deltoids
-pec major |
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what does TUBS stand for?
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-Traumatic
-Unilateral -Bankart Lesion -Surgery |
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with a Bankart lesion (TUBS), what motion needs to be avoided in the initial stage?
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ABD & ER
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when would a shoulder patient be in the maximum protection phase?
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post-op
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what are restrictions in the maximum protection phase?
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-limit both AROM & PROM
-no resistive exercise -pain relieving modalities |
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what thereapy can be done in the moderate protection phase?
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-increase PROM
-begin selective AROM -limited resistive exercise -little or no "passive" modalities |
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what therapy can be done in the minimum protection phase?
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-full AROM & PROM
-vigorous strengthening exercises -functional activities |
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how do you treat scalene thoracic outlet syndrome?
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-gently stretch scalenes
-soft tissue mobilization to the scalenes -mobilizae 1st rib as needed -correct postureal fault -instruct in diaphragmatic breathing |
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how do you treat pec minor thoracic outlet syndrome?
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-stretch pec minor
-soft tissue mobilization -MFR pec minor -correct forward shoulder posture -strengthen scapula stabilizers |
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set up for a supraspinatus tendinitis provocation test?
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set up for a infrapspinatus tendinitis provocation test.
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set up for long head of biceps tendinitis provocation test.
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in graded mobilization, what is the purpose of grades 1 & 2?
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to control pain
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in graded mobilization, what is the purpose of grades 3 & 4?
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to increase motion
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