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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 4 necessary characteristics to be in the phylum chordata?
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Notochord
Dorsal, hollow nerve chord pharyngeal gill slits post anal tale |
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What is oviparous reproduction? Name one animal who does this
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The young develop in eggs layed outside the mothers body. EX Chickens
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What is Ovoviviparous reproduction? Name one animal who does this
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The young develop in eggs held in the mothers uterus. EX garder snakes
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What is viviparous reproduction? Name one animal that does this
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The young are born alive after having been nourished in the uterous. EX Humans
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What is ultimate causation?
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The evolutionary reason for something
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What is Proximate Causation?
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The immdiate cause or reason for a behavior
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What is Ethology?
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The study of animals in their natural environment
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What is Learning? What is Maturation? Give examples
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Learning is the modification of a behavior by experience.
Maturation is the development of neuromuscular systems that allows behavioral improvement. |
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What are the 4 types of learning? Give examples
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Habituation is learning to ignore irrelevant stimuli. EX the cry wolf effect
Imprinting is irreversible, and occurs at a critical period of time Associative learning the ability of many animals to associate one stimulus with another Play uses movements closely associated with goal directed behaviors.. Allows animals to practice behaviors. Play can be dangerous |
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What are the two types of associative learning?
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Classical conditioning is an arbitrar stimulus is associated with a rewaqrd or punishment.
Operant conditioning is trial and error learning. |
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What is social behavior?
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an interaction between two or more animals
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What is sociobiology?
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the study of social behavior that has evolutionary teory as its conceptual framework
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What is agonistic behavior?
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A contest of threatening and submissive behavior that determines which competitor gains access to a resource
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What are dominant hierachies?
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A top ranked member of a social group controls the behavior of the group. EX wolf packs
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What is Territoriality?
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Behaviors used for defending an area
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What is Altruism?
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A behavior that reduces and individuals fitness and increases the fitness of the recipent of the behavior
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What is inclusive fitness?
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The concept which describes the total effect an individual has on proliferating its genes by producing its own offspring
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