Ms 3 Exam

Front 1

There are no discs b/w which cervical segments?

Back 1

Co-C1 and C1-C2

Front 2

What are 3 unique features of the cervical vertebras?

Back 2

transverse foramen, bifid SP, and uncinate joints

Front 3

Open pack position?
Close pack position?
Capsular pattern?

Back 3

slight extension
full extension
side flexion and rotation, and extension

Front 4

the vertebral artery runs from ___ to ___?

Back 4

C6- C1

Front 5

Vertebral artery connects to ______ and supplies blood to the brain.

Back 5

circle of willis

Front 6

Ratio of body height to disc height in the cervical region?

Back 6

2:5

Front 7

At what point does the cervical artery make a 90 degree turn?

Back 7

C1; this is where most kinks happen

Front 8

Killing off the vertebral artery with rotation is rare and happens usually secondary to a?

Back 8

congenital abnormality

Front 9

What are some things can take up space?

Back 9

osteophyte formation, laxity of ligaments

Front 10

Some signs of vertebral artery insufficiency?

Back 10

Nausea, vomitting, dizziness, ataxia, headaches, weakness, difficulty swallowing or speaking, drop attacks,.....

Front 11

Uncinate joints typically develop at ages ____ and fully developed by ___?

Back 11

6-9; 20s

Front 12

Uncinate joints allow for ____motions, and limit_____ thus preventing lateral disc herniations.

Back 12

sagittal motions, side flexion

Front 13

slight flexion and side bending motion check for _____ pathology?

Back 13

uncinate joint

Front 14

Unicinate joints are present from ___ to ____?

Back 14

C3- T1

Front 15

As we age______ begin to form in the discs; nucleaus dehydrates, annulus weakens, more shearing forces....less like to have _______?

Back 15

fissures; disc herniations

Front 16

_____ are anterior to nerve roots?

_____ are posterior to nerve roots?

Back 16

uncovertebral joint; facet joints

Front 17

Facet joints are oriented ___ degress from the horizontal plane?

Back 17

45

Front 18

facet joints can get ______ entrapments from having a lax capsule.

Back 18

meniscoid

Front 19

Coupled motions for lower cervical:

Side bending causes ______?

Back 19

ipsilateral rotation

Front 20

Greatest amount of flexion and extension occurs at?

Back 20

C5- C6

Front 21

Anterior nerve root is ____?

Back 21

Ventral , motor

Front 22

Posterior nerve root is_____?

Back 22

Dorsal, sensory

Front 23

uncovertebral joint or disc bulge (anterior)= _____ symptoms

Back 23

motor

(UAM)

Front 24

hypertrophy of facet joint, (posterior) = ________ symptoms

Back 24

sensory

(FPS)

Front 25

Annulus fibrosis of disc is crescent shape _____ and connects to _______.

Back 25

anteriorly, uncinate process

Front 26

Annulus posteriorly is made up of thin _____ oriented fibers

Back 26

veritcal

Front 27

TP of cervical projects ___-_____; and contains a _____ "gutter" for nerve roots

Back 27

antero-lateral; foraminal sulcus

Front 28

Majority of weight bearing is through ___?

Back 28

facets

Front 29

What neural structure is more likely to be effected by posterior disc protrusion?

Back 29

Motor is like to be hit first, but can can both.

Front 30

PLL: ____ in cervical
ALL: _____ in cervical

Back 30

wider; narrower

Front 31

_____ system constricts blood vessels, increases bp, dilates bronchials and sweat glands; secretes _____.

Back 31

sympathetic nervous system; norepinephrine

Front 32

sympathetic nervous system is ____/_____ to cervical vertebra

Back 32

antero-lat

Front 33

If sympathetic nervous system is compromised , signs and symptoms include.....

Back 33

tinnitus, dizziness, blurred vision, loss of sweating, weakness, sensitivity to light, runny nose.

Front 34

C1 is the _____

Back 34

Atlas

Front 35

the atlas has no ___ or ____ ; the body evolves into the dens(odontoid process)

Back 35

SP or body

Front 36

The anterior arch articulates with the

Back 36

dens

Front 37

The transverse ligament functions to

Back 37

hold up the dens

Front 38

in the atlas, Lateral masses contain _____ facets superiorly

Back 38

concave

VS

Front 39

In the atlas, Lateral masses contain ____ facet inferiorly

Back 39

convex

XI

Front 40

In the axis , the superior facet is convex or concave?

Back 40

convex, and the inferior facets are plane.

Front 41

Which special tests is to check the integrity of the transverse ligament?

Back 41

Sharp pursors test

Front 42

the atlanto occipital joint is the articulation of

Back 42

C0-C1

Front 43

Primary motion of atlanto occipital joint is

Back 43

flex/ext

Front 44

this joint is responsible for 50% rotation in the cervical spine

Back 44

atlanto-axial joint

Front 45

How would you check for upper cervical rotation?

Back 45

slight flex forward then rotate which locks the lower cervical.

Front 46

In the atlanto-axial joint, rotation has what type of mechanisn?

Back 46

screw down mechanism
ex: when you look left, the right side flexes forward and down and the left side slides back and down

Front 47

The space between the anterior arch of the atlas and the odontoid is called

Back 47

atlanto odontoid interval (ADI)

Front 48

ADI > 3 mm is indicative of

caused by?

Back 48

gross instability and a compromised transverse ligament; trauma, RA, neoplastic disease, down syndrome, aplasia/dysplasia of the dens

Front 49

Upper cervical moves independantly from lower cervical

t/f?

Back 49

true

Front 50

in the upper cervical, if you side bend to the side you also_______

(CO-C2)

Back 50

rotate to the right ( contralateral)

Front 51

Name the suboccipital muscles

Back 51

Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Obliquus capitis superior
Obliquus capitis inferior

Front 52

is a twisted neck in which the head is tipped to one
side, while the chin is turned to the other

Back 52

torticollis

Front 53

shearing of C1 and C2, checking for odontoid dysplasia

Back 53

lateral shear test; POSSIBLE CORD OR VBI symptoms

Front 54

Alar ligament connections

Back 54

superior dens to the medial border of facet of occiput

Front 55

What motions stress the alar ligaments?

Back 55

Sidebending and rotation

Front 56

test for tectoral membrane

Back 56

Pettman's distraction

Front 57

ROM amounts
Flex?
Ext?
SF?
Rot?

Back 57

80-90
70
20-45
70-90

Front 58

With repeated motion testing you are looking for

Back 58

centralization, peripheralization

Front 59

DTRS

Biceps
Triceps
Brachioradialis
Jaw

Back 59

C5-C6
C7
C6
Cranial nerve 5

Front 60

Upper motor neuron lesion tests

Back 60

Babinski
Hoffman's

Front 61

Spurlings test

Back 61

Rotation, extension, can add lateral flexion and compression;positive if reproduction of symptoms

Front 62

What structure changes might make the spurlings test positive?

Back 62

osteophytes from facet or uncovertebral joints, disc bulge, degeneration or encroachment of PLL

Front 63

ULTT good for

Back 63

biasing specific nerve roots; positive: reproduction of symptoms

Front 64

Bakody's sign

Back 64

Placing hand on head (+) symptoms relief - takes pressure off of nerve root usually of C4-C6

Front 65

Test, stand with eyes closed for 20-30 secs; watching for swaying= sign of UMNL

Back 65

Romberg's