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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
2. Why do you have genes from both your mother and your father? (Short Answer)
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You receive 1/2 of your genes from your mother and 1/2 from your father so we are not a clone of either one.
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Define adaptation.
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Characteristics that help an organism survive and reproduce in its environment
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27. According to Darwin, what is the key to natural selection?
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Successful reproduction
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28. According to natural selection, what are three things organisms that are adapted to their environment likely to do?
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1. Survive
2. Reproduce 3. Pass traits on to the next generation |
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29. Dark peppered moths became more abundant than light peppered moths in 1850. Why?
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Because of industrialization, tree trunk color, and natural selection
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31. Define heredity.
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Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.
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21. Define species.
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A group of organisms that can mate with each other to produce fertile offspring
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22. Genes code for both __________ traits and _____________ traits.
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Dominant and recessive
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24. How do the principles of natural selection help explain why there are more deaths among babies with low birth weight than among babies with average birth weights? (Short Answer)
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Human babies are best adapted to survive at an average birth weight of 7 pounds.
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15. Name three things that adaptations can include.
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1. Behaviors for finding food
2. Structures for protecting oneself 3. Behaviors for mating |
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16. People produced the large corn we eat today through what process?
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Selective breeding
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17. T or F
Charles Darwin observed that the animals and plants on the Galapagos Islands were identical to the animals and plants on the nearby S. American mainland. |
False. They were SIMILAR to but NOT IDENTICAL to them.
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18. What are some of the traits that have been exaggerated through selective breeding in dogs? (Short Answer)
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Length of coat, height of legs, thin or muscular build of body
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19. What do insects develop that can make them increasingly harder to control?
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genetic resistance
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20. What is natural selection?
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The principle of natural selection says that organisms that are best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
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9. What is the change in an organism's hereditary information called?
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Mutation
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10. What is the color of your hair,the kind of blood cells you make, and many other characteristics determined by?
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DNA
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11. What is the development of resistance among bacteria exposed to an antibiotic an example of?
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Natural Selection
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12. What is the hereditary material in cells that is passed on as cells divide?
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DNA
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13. What is the passing of brown eyes from parents to children an example of?
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Heredity
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14. What is the relationship between genes and heredity? (Short Answer)
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Heredity is the result of the passing on of genes.
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3. What is the theory of evolution?
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The theory that inherited characteristics change in a population over time.
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4. What process was the different colors of apples produced through?
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Selective breeding
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5. What process was the length of fur among dog breeds developed through?
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Selective breeding
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6. What theory did Mendel develop?
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Theory of Inheritance
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7. What traits changed in the Galapagos finches as they adapted to the different islands?(Short Answer)
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The finches beaks adapted to the different ways the birds get food.
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8. What was the change in the peppered moth in response to pollution an example of?
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Natural Selection
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1. What were the differences Darwin observed in the population of finches probably due to?
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Mutations
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30. Define adaptation.
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Characteristics that help an organism survive and reproduce in its environment
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23. Give 3 examples of traits that can change through selective breeding.
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1. The size of a farm animal
2. The number of petals on a flower 3. The color of a cat's fur |
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25. In selective breeding, humans may decide that they would like a dog's fluffy tail or a flower's red petals to be passed on to the next generation. What are some changes in traits that can happen through natural selection? (Short Answer)
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An animal species might become larger, run faster, or become resistant to disease. A plant species might become larger, have bright flowers, or survive in extreme climates.
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26. Individuals that are not well ____________ to their envirnment are not likely to survive and produce offspring.
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Adapted
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