Mrak Cns Tumors

Front 1

what two morpho features distinguish a GBoma (astrocytoma grade 4) from anaplastic astrocytoma (grade 3)

Back 1

central necrosis - as tumor outgrows its own blood supply (called pseudopalisading as they move away from ischemic area)
proliferating balls of BVs, responding to VEGF secreted by tumor

Front 2

astrocytoma grade 1: discuss

Back 2

aka pilocytic astrocytoma. most common tumor in children, often in cerebellum.
benign. may cause mass effect, seizures.
micro:rosenthal fibers - eosinophilic corkscrew-esque

Front 3

what tumor has a fried egg appearance? describe the rest of its characteristics

Back 3

oligodendroglioma. it occurs in middle-age. slow growing. also has chicken-wire BV arrangement. good Px.

Front 4

enpendymoma:
who usually gets them? where do they usually occur? how does this location relate to its treatment? micro features?
if the opposite age group gets one, where will it occur?

Back 4

usually in kids, around the 4th ventricle. very close to the pons/medulla = makes resection impossible. micro:will be arranged around a BV, with processes connecting to the BV.
-in adults: intraspinal

Front 5

what is a PNET? what is the most common example? who gets it?
-highly malignant or not? thus how do the cells look?

Back 5

Primitive NeuroEctodermal Tumor
-Medulloblastoma
-children
-highly malignant - thus cells have little cytoplasm, very dense, many mitoses

Front 6

an AIDS pt got a tumor in brain. what is most likely? what secondary infection is he very likely to have

Back 6

very likely to have EBV and a Primary Brain Lymphoma, which is a B cell, Large Cell Lymphoma

Front 7

what is the second most common primary brain tumor? benign or malignant? micro: ?

Back 7

Meningioma
Benign
micro: whorls of spindle cells, psammoma bodies (calcification)

Front 8

what are the more common metastatic tumors of brain? where do they usually end up? in general, are they easy/hard to resect?

Back 8

lung, breast, skin, GI
usually end up via MCA to site of grey-white jxn
Mets brain tumors are usually sharply demarcated and thus easy to resect

Front 9

a CNS tumor that is paraneoplastic most likely came from where and is what type of primary tumor?

Back 9

small cell lung carcinoma

Front 10

compare/contrast Schwannoma and Neurofibroma

Back 10

-both are tumors of peripheral nn or nn roots
Schwaanoma is a benign tumor of schwaan cells only. These tumors do not infiltrate the nerve proper, thus can be resected w/out nerve damage
-Neurofibroma is of Schwaan cells but invades the neurites, thus cannot be resected w/out sacrificing nerve.

Front 11

whorled patterns; psammoma bodies:

Back 11

Meningioma

Front 12

Fried Egg Cells; chicken wire vascularture

Back 12

oligodendroglioma

Front 13

Pseudopalisades

Back 13

Glioblastoma

Front 14

perivascular pseudorosettes

Back 14

ependymoma (or medulloblastoma)

Front 15

rosenthal fibers

Back 15

Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Front 16

describe the disease in a pt with many hemangioblastomas in cerebellum

Back 16

probably has von hippel lindau disease, which is Dominantly inherited. hemangioblastomas in Cerebellum, Retina, Spinal Cord.
assoc w/ Renal Cell Carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma

Front 17

cafe au lait and elephantiasis?

Back 17

Neurofibromatosis type 1. increased CT blocks lymphatics. dominant inheritance

Front 18

bilateral acoustic Schwannoma?

Back 18

seen in Neurofibromatosis type 2.

Front 19

tuberous sclerosis

Back 19

tubers form in cortex and periventricular area. also see adenoma sebaceum on face
autosomal dominant