Mr. Eller Ss, Unit 6

Front 1

What were five general reasons Americans moved West in the 1800s?

Back 1

1) Land - 400,000 Americans went to Oregon between 1840 and 1874 for land 2) Gold - the California Gold Rush 3) Furs - " Mountain Men "; 4) To start a new life - Sam Houston n

5) religious freedom - the Mormons settled in Utah to escape persecution in the east.

Front 2

What were 5 problems many people had traveling west in the 1800s?

Back 2

1) Lack of food - the dry conditions of the West made it hard for to find plants and animals for food; 2) Lack of water - about 1 and 10 Travelers died or got sick from dehydration 3) hostile Native Americans - Native Americans attacking wagon trains 4) mountains - the Donner Party; 5) disease - disease killed about one-third of all travelers going west in the 1800s.

Front 3

Why did beaver pelts attract settlers?

Back 3

Beaver pelts were water repellent and warm.

Front 4

Who were the " mountain men" ?

Back 4

"Mountain men" wear fur Traders and Trappers.

Front 5

Why was the Santa Fe Trail used?

Back 5

The Santa Fe Trail was used to take American-made products to the largest city in the west - Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Front 6

Why was the California Trail so dangerous?

Back 6

California Trail was dangerous as it passed through the Sierra Nevada mountains.

Front 7

What did the Donner Party do to survive?

Back 7

The Donner Party travelers resorted to cannibalism.

Front 8

Why was the Old Spanish Trail important?

Back 8

The Old Spanish Trail Health Los Angeles develop into a large city.

Front 9

How long was the Oregon Trail?

Back 9

The Oregon Trail was 2,000 miles long.

Front 10

How long did it take to get to Oregon?

Back 10

It took 4 to 6 months to get the Oregon.

Front 11

Why was the Transcontinental Railroad built?

Back 11

Transcontinental Railroad was built Bank going west easier making it a 6-day journey instead of 6 months and it was safer.

Front 12

When was the Transcontinental Railroad completed?

Back 12

1867

Front 13

What was Manifest Destiny?

Back 13

Manifest destiny is the idea that the US had the god-given right to take over territory in the west and stretch the country from "sea to shining sea."

Front 14

Who controlled the West before the US

Back 14

Great Britain or Mexico controlled the West before the US

Front 15

How did the US expand between 1845 and 1853?

Back 15

1) admitting the Republic of Texas as a state in 1845.

2) signing a treaty with Great Britain over the Oregon Country in 1846.

3) taking half of Mexico's territory in the Mexican - American War.

4) buying Southern Arizona from Mexico in 1853.

Front 16

Who led Americans into Texas?

Back 16

Stephen F. Austin

Front 17

Why did the Mexican Government welcome the Americans?

Back 17

The Mexicans welcomed the Americans to settle the region and protect Mexico from Indian invasion

Front 18

What two problems did Mexico have with American immigrants in Texas?

Back 18

1) 10 times as many Americans came then were actually allowed under the Mexican law, 2) Americans brought slavery into Texas even though it was illegal under Mexican law.

Front 19

What happened in 1830?

Back 19

Mexicans demanded an end to American Immigration and asked illegal immigrants to leave.

Front 20

Why did Americans revolt?

Back 20

The Americans revolted because Santa Ana abolished Mexico's Democratic Constitution and proclaimed himself dictator.

Front 21

What happened at the Alamo?

Back 21

Santa Anna surrounded a former Catholic mission called The Alamo and killed all of its American defenders.

Front 22

What happened at Goliad?

Back 22

Santa Anna ordered the execution of 300 Americans who had been promised safe passage back to the United States.

Front 23

Who defended the Americans in Texas?

Back 23

Sam Houston defended the Americans in Texas.

Front 24

When did Texas win its independence?

Back 24

Texas won its independence on April 21, 1836.

Front 25

What happened at the Battle of San Jacinto?

Back 25

Houston's Army caught the Mexican Army off guard in Forest Santa Ana to surrender after a 20-minute fight over 1,300 Mexican soldiers were killed or captured while Houston lost only 6 men.

Front 26

Why did it take so long for Texas to become a state?

Back 26

It took Texas so long to become a state because Texas had slavery. Texas would operate as an independent Democratic Nation modeled on the government of the U.S.

Front 27

What happened in the meantime before Texas became a state?

Back 27

The expansion of slavery into the West. Slavery contain to the South and. The South didn't want to expand slavery so it could maintain power in Congress.

Front 28

Why is the Mexican-American War important?

Back 28

1) the US got a lot of land, including California and the South West ; 2) the war was real-world training for future Civil War military leaders ; 3) the War caused long-standing resentment in Mexico, and in the Mexican-Americn community here in the US .

Front 29

What problem did Mexico have in its northern provinces?

Back 29

The fact that there weren't many Mexicans living in the north. When Americans started pouring in, Mexico couldn't defend its territory.

Front 30

Who was elected president in 1844?

Back 30

James Pope was elected president in 1844.

Front 31

What did President Polk try to do?

Back 31

Polk tried to buy California and New Mexico for $25 million dollars.

Front 32

How did Pope pick a fight with Mexico?

Back 32

By sending the US Army into a disputed border region in South Texas that both Nations claimed.

Front 33

What happened next in the dispute between Polk and Mexico?

Back 33

Mexico attacked in the United States declared war in April of 1846.

Front 34

What was the American war plan?

Back 34

The American war plan was to distract Mexico and its northern provinces and invade Mexico City at the same time. The plan work so well that the war itself was short-lived.

Front 35

When did the American forces take Mexico City?

Back 35

September 1847

Front 36

What was the name of the treaty that ended the Mexican-American War?

Back 36

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Front 37

What future states did the US gain?

Back 37

As a result of the Mexican-American War the US gained California, Nevada, Arizona , Utah , and parts of New Mexico , Colorado, and Wyoming.

Front 38

What happened to Mexicans already living in the new American territories?

Back 38

Many Mexicans living in the new American territories faced discrimination , most of their land was taken, their voting rights were restricted, and many would face segregation policies.

Front 39

What did Abraham Lincoln think about the war?

Back 39

Lincoln called the war " an unjust attack on a weaker neighbor" and argued that the real reason Polk (a southerner) had declared war was for slavery to expand into new territory acquired from fighting.

Front 40

What did the Wilmot Proviso say?

Back 40

The Wilmot Proviso said that no land acquired from Mexico would be open to slavery. The Proviso passed the house, but died in the Senate and never became law.

Front 41

When did Americans get control over California?

Back 41

In July 1846 John Fremont in the US Army took over California.

Front 42

When was gold discovered?

Back 42

Gold was discovered in January 1848.

Front 43

Who spread the word of the discovery of gold?

Back 43

Steamship companies , wagon makers, and newspapers began spreading the sensational do of gold to all parts of the world in hopes of making money by spreading the news.

Front 44

How long did the journey from New York to San Francisco take by boat? By land?

Back 44

80 Days by steamship and up to six months by wagon

Front 45

When was the Gold Rush?

Back 45

1849

Front 46

What experience did most people have once they got to California?

Back 46

Most people did not make much money or find any gold in California at all.

Front 47

How did the gold rush change California and the West?

Back 47

The GOLD Rush change California and the entire West because it led to the explosive population growth both California and the West have experienced since 1849.

Front 48

What happened to California's Native Americans and Chinese?

Back 48

Most Native Americans were forced to work as "servants", died from disease, or were simply killed because they were in the way. The Chinese were also discriminated against by a series of laws that forced them out of the gold fields.

Front 49

Why wasn't slavery much of an issue in California?

Back 49

Because very few miners had taken their slaves to the gold fields.

Front 50

Why did the South protest when California join the Union?

Back 50

The South protested because this would tip the balance of power in favor of the free states and because half of California was south of the Missouri Compromise line.

Front 51

Who came up with a compromise ?

Back 51

Henry Clay

Front 52

What did the Compromise of 1850 do?

Back 52

The Compromise of 1850 made California a free state, in exchange for the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law, which would allow Southerners to go to northern states to re-capture their slaves.