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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of dysarthria is characterized by a location in the basal ganglia control circuit and has decreased mobility or range of movement?
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hypokinetic dysarthria
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The basal ganglia regulates (3). It also adjusts movements to the __, assists in the learning of new __, is important in the __ of movement.
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- background muscle activity
- movements that support goal-directed movements - postural adjustments during skilled movements environment; movements; initiation |
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More functions of the basal ganglia: cortical input from areas involved in the __ and __ of movements. Output via __ to __ areas. Other direct projections to the __. Uncrossed circuitry to the __.
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planning; execution; thalamus; motor cortical; brainstem; cerebral hemisphere
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7 etiologies of hypokinetic dysarthria
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degenerative, vascular, traumatic, inflammatory, neoplastic, toxic, metabolic diseases
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11 things associated with parkinson disease
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-bradykinesia
-postural instability -tremor -rigidity -gait disturbances -hypokinesia -cognitive deficits -depression -sensory impairment -dysarthria -dysphagia |
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Clinical characteristics of parkinson disease (6)
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- tremor at rest
- rigidity 'cogwheel' - bradykinesia - hypokinesia (masked facies, micrographia, festinating gait) - akinesia - a loss of postural reflexes |
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Impact of medical management on speech/voice of parkinson disease:
Magnitude and consistency of speech improvement with __ is not the same as with limbs. |
drugs
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A group of conditions that share symptoms of Parkinson disease but differ in some manner (not responsive to PD treatment)
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Parkinsonism
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6 types of Parkinsonism
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- progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)
-MPTP (street drug that causes same signs/symptoms as PD) -Trauma-induced Parkinsonism (punch drunk) -TBI -Vascular Parkinsonism (strokes in area of BG) -Pick's disease (dementing illness with changes in frontal and temporal lobes) |
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Patient complaints/symptoms of hypokinetic dysarthria (6)
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-voice too quiet, cannot be heard
- rate too fast - indistinct words - lack emotional tone - difficulty to get started - stutter |
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Non-speech findings associated with hypokinetic dysarthria (5)
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- face (unblinking, unsmiling, masked, expressionless at rest, lack of animation)
- swallow infrequently, drooling - tremulousness of jaw and lips during rest or sustained posture - AMR slowly initiated and become accelerated - Dysphagia in 40-80% |
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Speech related findings associated with hypokinetic dysarthria (2)
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- rapid, accelerated, and sometimes blurred speech AMRs
- reduced ROM |
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13 deviant perceptual dimensions of hypokinetic dysarthria
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- monopitch
- reduced stress - monoloudness - imprecise consonants - inappropriate silences - short rushes of speech - harsh voice quality - breathy voice (continuous) - low pitch - variable rate - increased rate in segments - increased rate overall - repeated phonemes |
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3 keys to identifying hypokinetic dysarthria
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accelerated rate, monopitch, tremor/masked facies
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List the 5 essential steps of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT)
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1) focus on voice
2) high effort 3) intensive 4) calibration 5) quantification |
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The following can all be considered 'dyskinesia' which indicates impaired movement (10)
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-hyperkinesia
-hypokinesia -chorea -athetosis -dystonia -akinesia -tics -tremor -myoclonus -spasm |
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Type of dysarthria that is associated with diseases of the basal ganglia circuit, cerebellar circuit, and indirect (extrapyramidal) system
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hyperkinetic dysarthria
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Hyperkinetic dysarthria affects all of the subsystems of speech (4)
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- respiratory
- phonatory - resonatory - articulatory |
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Abnormal, rhythmic, or irregular and unpredictable, rapid or slow involuntary movements describes the presentation of what kind of dysarthria?
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hyperkinetic dysarthria
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Distinguishing presentation of hyperkinetic dysarthria includes visible, abnormal __, __ and __ movements.
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orofacial, head, respiratory
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'Hyper' means __.
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extra
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7 etiologies of hyperkinetic dysarthria
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- degenerative
- vascular - traumatic - inflammatory - toxic - metabolic - idiopathic |
