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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is apraxia of speech?
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Problems with programming and sequencing the speech act.
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What causes apraxia?
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injury, disease, or stroke
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What is dysphagia?
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swallowing disorder
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what causes dypshagia
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diseases, mouth problems
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what is dysarthria?
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problem with muscle control of the speech mechanism
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what causes dysarthria? (mult)
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Ataxic-cerebellum damage
Flaccid-lower motor neuron damage Hyperkinetic/Hypokinetic-extrapyramidal system damage Spastic-upper motor neuron damage. Mixed- multiple areas |
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big 3 neurogenic disorders?
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aphasia, dysarthria, apraxia
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what is aphasia
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loss of language due to stroke, head trauma, or other
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can an aphasic have both apraxia and dysarthria?
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yes
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can an aphasic have apraxia?
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yes
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can an aphasic have dysarthria
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yes
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causes of stroke?
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blockage or bleeding in the brain
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what is a CVA
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Cerebrum Vascular Accident
Vascular-blood vessels |
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who gets aphasia
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anyone with altered blood flow to the brain
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differences between receptive aphasia and expressive aphasia?
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receptive- reading and understanding problems (wernicke's)
expressive- writing, speaking and gesturing problems (broca's) |
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paresis vs paralysis?
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Paresis-partial immobility or weakness
Paralysis- full loss of movement |
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what types of language related disturbances can result from aphasia
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Apraxia, dysarthria, anomia(diff. naming nouns), paraphasia (sub for wrong word), neologism(made up word), agrammatism (telegraphic speech), jargon (makes no sense), automatic speech, echolalia (parotting), perseveration, agnosia (recognizing senses), acalculia (loss of math), amusia (music), agraphia (writing), alexia (read).
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how do you treat aphasia?
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language and speech sampling, diagnostic tests (like the Boston one), therapy (group or solo)
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what is dementia
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chronic and progressive decline in memory cognition
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what causes dementia
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brain damage from diseases, strokes, virus and other
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what is TIA
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Transient Ischemic Attack (mini stroke not in brain with no lasting damage)
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how do you confirm alzheimers
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autopsy
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what are the common verbal manifestations of dimentia
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Circumlocution- saying a different word instead of the hard one
Confabulation- remark without knowledge of truthfulness Echolalia- repeat last sound Logorrhea- continuous production of sounds Perseveration- continues too long Tangential speech- goes off on tangents |
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what is TBI
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traumatic brain injury
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how many nonfatal TBI's/ yr
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1.5 million total- 50,000 fatal
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age at highest risk for TBI
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15-24
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what is OHI
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open head injury (gun shot)
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what is CHI
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close head injury
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difference between diffuse brain damage and focal brain damage
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diffuse-multiple areas of damage
focal-one area of the brain |
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what is a coma
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state of unconciousness
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types of disorientation
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time, place, person, situation
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3 components of memory
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attention, storage and recal
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short vs long-term memory?
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short-temporary (phone #)
long- indefinite (name) |
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two types of information retrieval
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free recall and recognition
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mnemonic device?
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triggers memories
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what is "flat affect"
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reduction in emotional expressiveness
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who certifies speech paths and audiologists
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ASHA-national
OSPI-state (school) |
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what is the CAA
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council on academic acreditation (certifies speech paths)
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"cause of something"
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etiology
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"present at birth"
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congenital
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what is prosody
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stress and intonation patterns of an utterance
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traditional components of language (5)
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pragmatics, semantics, syntax, phonology, morphology
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functional components of language (3)
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use, content, form
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intonation?
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pitch variation in the voice across an utterance
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what age are vowels mastered?
consonants? |
3
7 |
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what age are all speech sounds mastered for girls?
for boys? |
7
8 |
