Motor Learning And Control Exam 2 Anat Review

Front 1

Primary Motor Cortex

Back 1

Location: Frontal lobe, just anterior of central sulcus

Function: initiation/coordination of fine motor skills, postural coordination, contains motor neurons that send axons to skeletal muscles

Front 2

Occipital Lobe

Back 2

Location: Most posterior lobe of the cortex

Function: areas important for visual perception

Front 3

Spinal Cord

Back 3

Location: Along spine, extends from medulla oblongata

Function: neural system vitally involved in motor control

Front 4

Primary Somatic Sensory Cortex

Back 4

Location: just posterior to central sulcus

Function: receives axons specific to type of sensory information

Front 5

Premotor Area

Back 5

Location: anterior to primary motor cortex

Function: organize movements before they're initiated, rhythmic coordination during movement, control of movement based on observation of another person performing a skill

Front 6

Temporal Lobe

Back 6

Location: just below lateral fissure

Function: memory, abstract thought, judgement & auditory perception

Front 7

Cerebellum

Back 7

Location: behind cerebrum and attached to brainstem

Function: smooth/accurate movement, eye-hand coordination, movement timing, posture, movement error detection/correction, learning motor skills

Front 8

Basal Ganglia

Back 8

Location: buried within cerebral hemispheres

Function: planning and movement, antagonist muscles during movement, force

Front 9

Thalamus

Back 9

Location: in diencephalon

Function: relay station, control of attention, mood, and perception of pain

Front 10

Muscle Spindle

Back 10

Location: in most skeletal muscles in a capsule of specialized muscle fibers and sensory neurons
-parallel with EXTRAFUSAL muscle fibers
-wrap around INTRAFUSAL muscle fibers

Function: feedback to CNS to maintain intended limb movement position, direction, and velocity

Front 11

Golgi Tendon Organ (GTO)

Back 11

Location: in skeletal muscle near insertion of tendon

Function: detect changes in muscle tension (force)

Front 12

Mechanoreceptors

Back 12

AKA Joint receptors

Location: Muscle spindles

Function: detect changes in muscle fiber length and velocity, enables detection of changes in joint angle

Front 13

Motor Unit

Back 13

Alpha motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates

Function: activates (fires) all connected muscle fibers

Front 14

Cerebrum

Back 14

Location: one of two components of forebrain--two halves connected by corpus callosum