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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
absorption
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The process by which drug molecules are moved from the site of entry into the body into the general circulation.
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adernergic
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Of or pertaining to the sympathetic nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system, which use epinephrine or epinephrine-like substance as neuotransmitter
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agonists
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Drugs that combine with receptors and initiate the expected response.
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antagonists
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Agents designed to inhibit or counteract the effects of other drugs or undesired effects caused by normal or hyperactive physicological mecheanisms.
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anticholinergic
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Of orpertaining to the blocking of acetylcholine receptors, resulting in inhibition of transmission of parasymapathetic nerve impulses
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bioloical half-life
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The time required to metabolized or eliminate thet toal amout of drug in the boy.
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biotransformation
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The process by which a drug is converted chemicallly to metabolite.
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chemical name
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The exact designation ofa chemical structrue as determined by the rules of chemical nomenclature.
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cholinergic
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Of or pertaining to the effects produced by the parasympathetic nervous system or drugs that stimulate or antagonize the parasympathetic nervous system.
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contraindications
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Medical or physislogical factors that make it harmful to administer a medication that would other wise have a therapeutic effect.
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controlled substance
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Any drug defined in the categories of the comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act (also known as the Contorlled Substances Act) of 1970.
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cumulative action
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The effect that occurs when several doses of a drug are administered or when absorption occurs more quickly than removal by excretion or metabolism or both.
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distribution
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The transpor of a drug throught the bloodstream to various tissures of the body and ultimately to its site of action.
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drug
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Any substances thaken by mothe: indjected into a muscle, blood vessel, or cavity of the body: or applied topically to treat or prevent a disease or condition.
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drug interaction
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Modification of the effects of one drug by the previous or concurrent administeration of another drug, thereby increasing or diminishing the pharmacological or physiological action of one or bothe drugs.
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drug receptors
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Parts of a cell (usually an enzyme or larege protein molecule) with which a drug molecule interacts to trigger its desired response or effect.
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excretion
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The elimination of toxic or inactive metabolites, primarily by the kidneys: the intestines, lungs, and mammary, sweat glands also may involved.
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first-pass metabolism
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The initial biotransformation of a drug during passage through the liver from the protal vein that occurs before the drug reaches the general circulation.
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generic name
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The official, established name assigned to a drug.
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idiosyncrasy
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An abnormal or percuiar resonse to a drug.
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loading dose
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A large quantity of drug that temporarily exceeds the capacity of the body to excerete the drug
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maintenance dose
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The amount of adrug required to keep a desired steady state of drug concentration
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official name
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The name of a drug that is followed by the initials USP (United States Pharmacopeia) or NF (National Formulary), denoting its listing in one of the official publications; sually the same as the generic name
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parenteral
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Of or pertaining to any medicaiton rout other than the alimentary canal.
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pharmaceutics
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The sicence of despensing drugs.
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pharmacodynamics
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The study of how adrug acts on a living organism.
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pharmacokinetics
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The study of how the boy handles a drug over a period of time, including the processes of absorption, distrubution, biotransforamation, and excretion.
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placental barrier
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Aprotective bilogical mebrane that seperaties the blood vessels of the mother and the fetus
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potentiatian
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Enhancement of the dffect of ta drug, caused by oncurrent administration of two drugs in which one drug increases the dffect of the other.
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summation
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The combined effectes of two drugs that equal the sum of the idividual dffects of each agent.
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synergism
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The combined action of two drugs that is greater than the sum of each agent acting independently.
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theapeutic action
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The desired, intended action of a drug.
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therapeutic index
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A measurement of the relative safety of a drug.
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tolerance
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Aphysiological response that requrires that a drug dosage be increaed to produce by a smaller dose
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trade name
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The trade mark name of a drug , designated by the drug company that sells the medication.
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untoward effects
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Side effects that prove harmful to the patient.
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