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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The origin of wine
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Transcaucasia - 5-6000 BC, present day Georgia and Armenia
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Land of the Vine
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Onetra (Italy)
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Grapes will flourish in these parallels
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30 and 50
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what is veraison?
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the onset of ripening -- softening, color change, the step before harvest
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when does veraison happen in the northern hemisphere?
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late july, throughout august
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veraison in the southern hemisphere
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late january, throughout february
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what is the correct temperature for wine storage?
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13 degrees celcius, 55 degrees fareinheight
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what is the correct humidity for wine storage?
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75-80%
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if forced, would you rather bring up the humidity in your cellar or lower it from 75-80%
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bring it up
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What is the main purpose of cabarnet franc in bordeaux?
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It's a blending grape that ripens and buds early, so essentially it is a safetynet. Otherwise it gives tannin to merlot and acidity to cabarnet franc. It also aromatics to both.
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The system that is used in the production of sherry
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solera
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The two ways in which port is aged
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In oak or in a bottle
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Name the basic levels of sweetness from driest to sweetest on French wine labels
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extra brut, brut, extra dry, sec, demi sec, doux
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What method of production is used in making cava
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the traditional method (champenoise)
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What two items must be on every wine bottle by international law?
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volume, alcohol
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What is the appropriate temperature for serving a big, tannic red wine?
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18 degrees celcius, 65 degrees farenheight
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What soil is Reisling grown in in Germany?
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slate
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What flowering tree is said to be part of the Pinot Gris flavor profile?
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orange blossom
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How are the aromatic features of Muscat maintained during fermentation?
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stainless steel
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What climate does Muscat enjoy the most?
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medditeranean
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When did phyloxera hit the scene?
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Arrived in the Rhone is the 1860's
Devestated everything in the 1890's |
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year for France's wine laws
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1936
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year for Spanish wine laws
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1971
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year for Canadian wine laws
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1989
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Three basic climates for grape growing
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continental, maritime, medditeranean
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What does gamay grown on?
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granite
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dormancy begins at what temperature?
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10 degrees celcius
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state the life cycle of the vine
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dormancy
bud break shoot grown flowering fruit set veraison harvest |
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what is grafting?
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melding rootstock
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Is Canadian ice wine made with botrytis?
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No
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synonym for downy mildew
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pernospera
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synonym for powdery mildew
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oidium
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how many parts per million of sulfites does a wine need to be organic?
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less than 100 parts per million
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coulure
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poor fruit set
berries fall off shortly after flowering |
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millerandage
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abnormal fruit set
large and small berries in the same fruit set |
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remontage
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punching over the cap
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pigmontage
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pushing down the cap
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what is the word meaning 'to bleed', giving rose's their color
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saignee
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Most of the world believes that ___% of one grape varietal means you can label it as that grape varietal
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85%
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Except for ___ who believe in the ____% rule
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California
75% |
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qualities that French oak may impart
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vanilla, toast, caramel
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qualities that American oak may impart
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coconut
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Chardonnay buds ____, ripens _____, has naturally _____ yields, and the potential to _____ a lot of sugar late in the season
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chardonnay buds early
ripens early has naturally high yields and the potential to build high levels of sugar late in the season |
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Chardonnay prefers these types of soils
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limestone, chalky marl, sandstone
(calcareous soils) |
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What grape is grown on the right bank of Bordeaux and what soil do they use?
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Merlot, clay
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and the bank of Bordeaux? Grape and soil?
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Cabarnet sauvignon, gravel
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Important sub regions for chardonnay
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Pouilly-Fuisse, Mersault, Chablis
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The cotes de nuit is known for growing:
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pinot noir
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the cotes de beaunes is known for growing:
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chardonnay
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Soil for sauvignon blanc in the Loire
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Tuffeau
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Sauvignon blanc ripens ___ and buds ____
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ripdens early and buds late
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Soil types for sauvignon blanc
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chalk, gravel, loam, flint, and marl
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a barrique is a
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small barrel made from French oak
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Terra Rossa a.k.a. "Red Earth" is the soil from:
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Coonawara
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Cabernet Sauvignon buds ___ and ripdens ____
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buds late, ripens late
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soil types for cabernet sauvignon are
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gravel, well drained alluvium, terra rossa limestone
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cabernet sauvignon needs soil that has:
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good drainage
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Important sub-regions in France for cab sauv.
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Margaux, Haut-Medoc, Paulliac
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Cab Sauv. is the most planted grape in which country?
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Bulgaria
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Soil for pinot noir is
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limestone
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pinot noir is often made in Burgundy with this kind of wooden fermenter
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open topped
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Important sub-regions for pinot noir in Burgundy
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Clos Vougeout
Romanee Conti |
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Important sub-regions for pinot noir in California
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Santa Barbera
Carneros Russian River Valley |
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Name the five manin aromatic varieties
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chenic blanc
gewurtztraminer pinot gris riesling muscat |
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soils for riesling
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slate, sandy loam
(heat retaining poor soils) |
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two methods for making sweet wine
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arrested fermentation (either adding sulfur dioxide to arrest the development and leave residual sugar, or to shift the temperature to very cold while in the vats, so yeast dies)
back-blending with sweet reserve |
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two important German regions for riesling
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mosel-saar-ruwer (recently renamed to just the mosel)
rheingau |
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sub-region in Australia for making riesling
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Clare Valley
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two types of soil for gewurtztraminer
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deep, well-drained loam
clay |
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in South Africa, chenin blanc is known as:
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steen
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notable regions for chenin blanc in the Loire Valley
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Vouvray, Coteaux de Layon, Savennieres
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Name the methods for making sparkling wine
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traditional
transfer tank carbonation (injection) |
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what is tirage?
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a mix of yeast and sugar
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degorgement (disgorgement) removes
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lees from neck of bottle
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dosage
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to replace wine lost during disgorgement
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grapes primarily used in the making of cava
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macabeu, parellada and xarello
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Who invented the tank method and when?
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Eugene Charmat in the 1890's
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the tank method, or charmat method, is also known as
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cuvee clos
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There is no _____ in the charmat/tank method
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autolysis
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The charmat/tank method is responsible for the production of ______
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prosecco
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other names for the carbonation method
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injection method
pompe bicyclette coca cola method |
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in the port method is the spirit added after or during fermentation?
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during
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in the sherry method is the spirit added after or during fermentation?
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after
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what soil is used in making port?
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schist
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what's the most known/prominent varietal in making a blend of port?
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touriga nacional
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what is tempranillo often called in Portugal, specifically in the production of port?
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Tinto Roriz
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What are the names of the troughs used to stomp grapes in some places in Portugal?
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Logares
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soil for the production of sherry
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albariza
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Two types of sherry that contain flor
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Fino
Manzanilla |
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Type of sherry that is fortified to kill off flor and purposely oxidized
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Olorosso
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Aged Fino sherry
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Amontillado
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diurnal means
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hot in the day, cold in the night
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Sangiovese has what two families?
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Piccolo
Grosso |
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will you pass?
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yes
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