Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
tRNA
|
75 nucleotides long
Carries amino acids in activated form to the ribosome Adopts a folded structure with internal base pairing |
|
|
Eukaryote Ribosomes
|
80S, made up of 60S and 40S
60S = 49 proteins, 3rRNA 40S = 33 proteins, 1 rRNA |
|
|
Prokaryote Ribosomes
|
70S, made up of 50S and 30S
50S = 34 proteins, 2 rRNA 30S = 21 proteins, 1 rRNA |
|
|
Chymotrypsin
|
Cleaves peptides of Tyrosine, Typtophan, and phenalanine
Large and hydrophobic Lined by hydrophobic residues |
|
|
Trypsin
|
Cleaves proteins of Lysine and Arginine
Positivley charged side-chains bind |
|
|
Elastase
|
Small and neutral
Alanine and Serine Only small side chains can enter |
|
|
Thrombin
|
Arganine to Glycine
|
|
|
Oxyanion hole
|
H bonds with NH on Gly93 and Ser193
Secure O- |
|
|
Hemicellulose
|
Beta 1-4 polymers of D - xylopyranase
Sidegroups of carbohydrate polymers attached 500-3000 sugar units per polymer Very good at cross linking as it is a branched polymer |
|
|
Pectin
|
Family of mixture of branched polysaccarides
Rich in a1-4 linked D-galacturonic acid Gelling agent in Jam |
|
|
Agarose
|
Found in cell wall of red algae and seaweed
D-glactose linked beta-1-4 with galactose that has an ether bridge connecting C3 and C6 Some have a sulphate group Very complex polysaccaride |
|
|
Chitin
|
Main component of the exoskeleton
Polymer of N-acetyl glucosamine with beta-1-4 linkages |
|
|
Glycosaminoglycans
|
Important as a matrix to hold together protein components of skin and connective tissue
Group includes; Chondoitin, Keratan, and Hyaluronan |
|
|
Bacterial Cell Walls
|
Made up of peptidoglycan
Which is composed of alternating NAG and NAM linked by tetrapeptides of the amino acids Ala, Glu, Lys, ALa Gram +ve, thick, multilayered, at surface Gram -ve, thin, single layered, between membranes |
|
|
Modifications during folding
|
Pepidyl prolyl isomerase catalyses proline isomerization
Protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) promotes correct disulphide bond formation |
|
|
Pyramidines
|
Thymine and Cytosine
Smaller |
|
|
Purines
|
Adenine and Guanine
Larger |
|
|
How many hydrogen bonds does A to T have?
|
2
|
|
|
How many hydrogen bonds does G to C have?
|
3
|
