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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A tRNA without an amino acid attached |
tRNA |
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A tRNA with an amino acid attached |
aminoacyl-tRNA |
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Enzyme used to attach amino acid to tRNA |
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase |
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Number of aminoacyl tRNA synthetases |
20 |
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Where aminoacyl tRNA synthetase adds what it adds on a tRNA |
2' or 3' -OH |
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Wobble position on an anticodon (nucleotide number and closest to 5' or 3') |
First nucleotide; 5' |
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Wobble position on a codon (nucleotide number and closest to 5' or 3') |
Third nucleotide; 3' |
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Binds to met-tRNAi-Met, and causes conformational changes when it is hydrolyzed to bring together the 80s ribosome |
eIF2-GTP |
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When hydrolyzed, makes binding to the start codon irreversible. |
eIF2-GTP |
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Separates the large and small subunits until translation needs to occur |
eIF3 and eIF6 |
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Binds to 5' cap |
eIF4E |
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Uses ATP to remove short RNA regions |
eIF4A |
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Positions eIF4A |
eIF4B |
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Binds aminoacyl-tRNA to A site |
EF1alpha |
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When hydrolyzed, causes a conformational change that positions the amino acid in the A site close to the peptide chain in the P site |
EF1alpha |
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When hydrolyzed, may help eject tRNA from E sit |
EF1alpha |
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When hydrolyzed, monitors translocation |
EF2 |
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Binds at the A site to directly recognize stop codon |
eRF1 |
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Bound by GTP and promotes cleavage of polypetide chain from polypeptidyl-tRNA |
eRF3 |
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Promotes dissociation of translational unit |
eRFs |
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Kozak sequence |
ACCAUGG |
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Which two nucleotides are most important in the kozak sequence? |
First A and second G |
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First tRNA for Met addition |
met-tRNAi-Met |
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tRNA for met addition on a growing polypeptide chain |
tRNA-Met |
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Three steps of translation |
initiation, elongation, termination |
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Four steps of initiation |
formation of the PIC, formation of the IC, positioning at the start codon, formation of 80s ribosome |
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Steps of elongation |
Entry, formation, and translocation |
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Special, deaminated base that can pair with A, C, and U |
Inosine |
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Sequence at 3' end of tRNA |
CCA |
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Type of bond between amino acid and tRNA |
High-energy ester bond |
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How aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase can proofread |
Recognize improper amino acid and catalyze its removal |
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How aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase recognizes the appropriate tRNA |
Positive interactions with anticodon loop and acceptor stem and lack of negative interactions in incorrect tRNAs |
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Interacts with polyA tail and eIF4 complex to form a bridge |
polyA binding protein 1 (PABPI) |
