Module 9 Specialty Shops Class 1 Drug Store

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ACE inhibitors

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category of medications that competitively block the angiotensin 1 converting enyzme necessary for conversion to angiotensin II

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a very powerful vasoconstrictor that raises blood pressure and also results in the release of aldosterone which affects sodium and water retention

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Angiotensin II

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the properties of this drug make it ideal for the treatment of hypertension in those with diabetes type 2 and those whose blood pressure cannot be controlled with the use of other anti-hypertensives

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ACE inhibitors

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preparations that stimulate nerve fibers that work to release norepinephrine.

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adrenergic agents

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norepinephrine is manufactored by the...

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adrenal gland

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blocks the release of norephinephrine

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anti-adrenergic agent

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used to treat some diseases, especially for the effect it has on dilation of peripheral blood vessels

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alcohol

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small quantities of alcohol can depress the _____ _____ and larger quantities the ______ and ______

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cerebral cortex; cerebellum and respiratory centers

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preparations that interrupt the transmission of signals to receptor sites in the body.

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alpha and beta blockers

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disrupts the transmission of signals to the postsynaptic alpha adrenoreceptors

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alpha blockers

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interrupts the beta andrenergic receptor sites.

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beta blocker

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used for the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris and after someone has a heart attack to prevent its reoccurence

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alpha and beta blockers

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classification of drugs that are used to treat, kill, or inhibit the growth of microorganisms (living or synthetically)

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antibiotics

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first antibiotic developed in 1928 - comes from mold

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penicillin

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class of antibiotics similar to penicillin that are made from the mold of the genus Cephalosporium

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cephalosporin

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class of antibiotics that are used to treat a variety of infections

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tetracycline

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class of antibiotics that is derived from the Actinomyces genus of bacteria

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erythromycin

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drugs that control the amount of cholesterol in the blood

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antilipemic drugs

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used to suppress fast rhythms of the heart (cardiac arrhythmias), such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation.

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antidysrhythmics

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acts against new growth, such as cancer

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anti-neoplastics

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act to stop the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach

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anti-secretory drugs

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drugs that kill or inhibit the growth of a virus

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anti-virals

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drugs that have a sedative/hypnotic effect

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barbiturates

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act to control the entry of calcium through the channel between the blood and the cells in the heart and certain blood vessels. (This action leads to decreased cardiac output and lowered blood pressure)

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calcium channel blockers

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act on the central nervous system to increase activity of the brain and spinal cord

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central nervous system stimulants and depressants

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drugs that are used in the treatment of diseases. (not exclusive to cancer drugs)

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chemotherapy agents

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preparations to stimulate nerve fibers that work to release acetylcholine at the synapse when a nerve impulses passes. These are parasympathetic nerves.

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cholinergic drugs

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will block the release of acetylcholine

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anticholinergic agent

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drugs that work either for or against the ability of the blood to clot

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coagulants and anti-coagulants

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drugs that act to stop a cough

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cough suppressants

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preparations that speed up, enable or control chemical reactions without being used up in reactions

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enzymes

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medicines that are used to help remove mucus from the chest

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expectorants

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preparations used to stimulate the respiratory system. Some of these drugs act directly on the lungs, some on the respiratory center of the brain

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respiratory stimulants

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types of preparations that are applied directly to the skin

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topical skin and mucous membrane preparations

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preparations that take away feeling from the skin

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anesthetics

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preparations that cause tissues to shrink and thus decrease blood flow to the area

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astringents

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preparations that provide soothing relief to irritated skin

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demulcents

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preparations that are capable of softening the skin

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emollients

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preparations that check the growth of bacteria as bacteriostatic agents by interrupting their synthesis of essential enzymes. The action of these drugs makes it impossible for the body to use its natural defenses to kill bacteria

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sulfonamides

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medications used for preparations that provide a peaceful, less stressful feeling

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tranquilizers

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pain relieving drug (aspirin)

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analgesics

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preparations that work against platelet accumulation, thus affecting blood coagulation

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antiplatelets

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preparations that work against microorganisms that can cause disease

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antiseptics

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preparations that have the ability to kill bacteria

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bactericidals

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preparations that have the ability to stop the multiplication of bacteria, but does not necessarily kill the bacteria

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bacteriostatics

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preparations used to stimulate bowel movements

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catharthics

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preparations that result in a greater volume of urine, thus reducing the circulating volume of blood and decreasing the workload of the heart

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diuretics

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preparations that produce or induce sleep

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hypnotics

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preparations that result in the break up of mucus in the lungs. These preparations usually cause the mucous to become thinner so that it cam be more easily eliminated from the lungs by coughing

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mucolytic agents

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preparations that act to allay anxiety and producing a calming effect

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sedatives

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preparations that act to break down a blood clot. The most common sites where blood cots form and can be treated are the blood vessels supplying the heart and the brain

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thrombolytic agent

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preparations that cause blood vessels to become narrow

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vasoconstrictors

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preparations that cause blood vessels to have a large diameter

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vasodilators

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administer the medicine through the rectum

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per rectum

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administer the medication through the vagina

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per vagina

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medications administered to an area of the skin

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topical

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medication injected into an artery

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intraarterial injection (administration of chemotherapy agent to an artery that supplied a particular organ)

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medication injected into a layer of skin (TB test)

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intradermal injection

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medication injected into a muscle

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intramuscular injection

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medication injected into one of the veins of the body

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intravenous injection

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medication injected into the layers of tissue under the skin

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subcutaneous injection

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air added to a solution and intended for inhalation into the lungs

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aerosol

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combination of tablet and (The medication is solid, but it is the form of a capsule.)

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caplet

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liquid form of medication (made by adding a dry powder of a medicine to alcohol)

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elixir

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looks like a flat stone; intended to be dissolved slowing in the mouth

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lozenge

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a liquid form of medication sprayed into the nose

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nasal spray

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solid, cone-shaped form of medicine

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suppository

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small, flat, solid form of medication taken by mouth

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tablet

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preparation to be applied to the skin

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unguent