Module #4 Female Reproductive System

Front 1

What is A. ?

Back 1

Pubic Symphysis

Front 2

What is B. ?

Back 2

Ischium

Front 3

What is C. ?

Back 3

Pubis

Front 4

What is D. ?

Back 4

Ilium

Front 5

What is E. ?

Back 5

Sacroiliac Joint

Front 6

What is F. ?

Back 6

Sacrum

Front 7

What is G. ?

Back 7

Coccyx

Front 8

Each of the hip bones consists of _____ bones that have fused together at the acetabulum.

Back 8

Three bones

Front 9

The _______ is composed of 5 fused vertebrae & actually forms part of the vertebral column of the axial skeleton.

Back 9

Sacrum

Front 10

The 2 sacroiliac joints & the pubic symphysis are relatively _______, surrounded by tight ________, that provide stability to the pelvic girdle.

Back 10

Immobile, Ligaments

Front 11

What are some of the physical differences between the male pelvic girdle & the female pelvic girdle?

Back 11

*Broad shallow pelvis

*Broader pubic angle (100 radius or more)

*Enlarged pelvic outlet

*Wider, more circular pelvic inlet

*Ilia that project farther, laterally

*Less curvature on the sacrum& coccyx

Front 12

Is this a female pelvic girdle or a male pelvic girdle?

Back 12

Female pelvic girdle

Front 13

Is this a female pelvic girdle or a male pelvic girdle?

Back 13

Male pelvic girdle

Front 14

What are the 3 main parts of the pelvic floor?

Back 14

*Pelvic diaphragm

*Perineal membrane

*Muscles of the deep perineal pouch

Front 15

The ____-______ is a muscular sling composed of 2 main muscles- the levator ani & the coccygeus (there is a right & a left hand of each).

Back 15

Pelvic-Diaphragm

Front 16

The _____-_______ is a thick connective tissue membrane creating the deep perineal pouch.

Back 16

Perineal-membrane

Front 17

_______ of the _____-_______-_______, are skeletal muscles (paired) surrounded by the perineal membrane.

Back 17

Muscles of the deep perineal pouch

Front 18

__. Coccygeus muscle & __. Levator ani muscle, both make up the ______-_______.

Back 18

A. Coccygeus muscle

B. Levator ani muscle

Pelvic diaphragm

Front 19

Letter D. is the _____-_______ which helps create the ______-______-______ (C.).

Back 19

D. Perineal membrane

C. Deep perineal pouch

Front 20

A. ______, Small rounded tissue projection, contains erectile tissue.

Back 20

Clitoris

Front 21

What is B. ______?

Back 21

Vestibule

Front 22

C. ______, is created by adipose tissue deep to the skin & is superficial to the pubic symphysis.

Back 22

Mons pubis

Front 23

D. _______, are prominent folds of the skin that encircle & partially conceal the labial minora & adjacent structures.

Back 23

Labia majora

Front 24

E. _____, opens into the vestibule just anterior to the vaginal entrance.

Back 24

Urethral opening

Front 25

F._______, is the?

Back 25

Vaginal opening

Front 26

G. ________, a central space bounded by small folds.

Back 26

Labia minora

Front 27

The organs/glands of the reproductive system include; _______, ______-______, & ________-_______.

Back 27

Gonads (Ovaries), Reproductive-Tract, Mammary-Glands.

Front 28

A. _____-_____, the 2 oviducts or uterine tubes extending from the cornua & branching out to surround the ovary.

Back 28

Fallopian-Tubes

Front 29

B. ______, Responsible for producing & maturing an ovum each month & the secretion of the ovarian hormones, oestrogen & progesterone.

Back 29

Ovary

Front 30

C. ______, Hollow tube extending from the vulve to the cervix. The lining of squamous epithelium is in folds of rugae which will stretch easily.

Back 30

Vagina

Front 31

D. ______, Also known as the ______, the organ which receives & grows the fertilised ovum during development of the fetus, actively participates in its expulsion as part of the birthing process.

Back 31

Uterus, Womb

Front 32

E. _______, The lower part of the uterus which protrudes into the vagina, generally tightly closed, it will open slightly during ovulation to permit the entry of sperm & at the end of the month to allow menstrual bleeding.

Back 32

Cervix

Front 33

Transportation of an ovulated oocyte towards the uterus.

Site of fertilization.

These are both functions of the _____-______?

Back 33

Fallopian-tubes (Uterine-tubes, Reproductive-tract)

Front 34

Receives, retains & nourishes a Zygote(fertilized oocyte).

Function of the ______?

Back 34

Uterus

Front 35

The ______-______ are actually an exocrine gland of the skin, however their function is related more closely with those of the female reproductive system.

Back 35

Mammary-Glands

Front 36

Stage _____; Oogonia produce primary oocytes from around 6 weeks gestation until 7 months gestation. At the end of this stage a female will have all the oocytes she is ever going to have.

Back 36

Mitosis of oogonium

Front 37

Stage ______; Primary oocytes begin this cell division at 4 months gestation and all oocytes halt this process by 7 months gestation. This process willre-start and complete in an individual oocyte each month during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, creating a secondary oocyte and 1st polar body.

Back 37

Meiosis 1

Front 38

Stage ______;A secondary oocyte begins and thenhalts this process just prior to ovulation. This final step of oogenesis will only complete if the oocyte is fertilized by a sperm, generating the ovum and 2nd polar body.

Back 38

Meiosis 2

Front 39

What stage is A. ?

Back 39

Mitosis of oogonia

Front 40

What stage is B. ?

Back 40

Meiosis 1

Front 41

What stage is C. ?

Back 41

Meiosis 2

Front 42

Ovum production, or ______, begins before a woman's birth, accelerates at _______, and ends at ________.

Back 42

Oogenesis, Puberty, Menopause

Front 43

Between _______ & _______, oogenesis occurs on a monthly basis as part of the ovarian cycle.

Back 43

Puberty, Menopause

Front 44

Females have 2 reproductive cycles - the _____-______ & the _______-_______.

Back 44

Ovarian-cycle & Uterine cycle(menstrual cycle)

Front 45

The 2 repro cycles are coordinated via hormones of the HPO axis, what is the HPO axis?

Back 45

Cascade of hormones released from the Hypothalamus(H), anterior Pituitary gland(P), and Ovaries(O), that coordinate the events of the female repro cycles & oogenesis.

Front 46

It is during the ______ cycle that a primordial follicle undergoes proliferation (growth or production of cells via mitosis), to develop into a significant cellular structure.

Back 46

Ovarian cycle

Front 47

There are 3 phases to the ovarian cycle; _____-_____, _______ & ______-______.

Back 47

*Follicular phase

*Ovulation

*Luteal phase

Front 48

How many days are there in the follicular phase?

Back 48

1-13 days

Front 49

How many days are there in the ovulation phase?

Back 49

14 days

Front 50

How many days are in the luteal phase?

Back 50

15-28 days

Front 51

Follicular proliferation, completion of meiosis I, estrogen production, start of meiosis II.

Are all events of which phase of the Ovarian cycle?

Back 51

Follicular phase

Front 52

Release of secondary oocyte.

Is the even occurring during which phase of the Ovarian cycle?

Back 52

Ovulation

Front 53

Corpus luteum develops, estrogen production, progesterone production, corpus albicans develops.

Are all events of which phase of the Ovarian cycle?

Back 53

Luteal phase

Front 54

B. ____-______; Develops from the primordial follicle & consists of a few layers of follicular cells surrounding the oocyte?

Back 54

Primary follicles

Front 55

C. _____-______; Consists of numerous layers of follicular cells surrounding the oocyte. These follicular cells will begin producing oestrogens.

Back 55

Secondary follicle

Front 56

D. _____-_____; A mature follicle consisting of follicular cells surrounding the oocyte & a fluid filled space surrounded by multiple layers of follicular cells producing oestrogens.

Back 56

Graafian follicle

Front 57

E. ____-______; The collection of follicular cells that remains in the ovary after ovulation of the secondary oocyte. Produces oestrogens & progesterone.

Back 57

Corpus luteum

Front 58

A. _____-______; Develops if fertilization does NOT occur, if fertilization does happen, the corpus luteum remains & does not develop into this.

Back 58

Corpus albicans

Front 59

The events of the uterine cycle, are coordinated with the events of the ovarian cycle & occur to prepare the uterus each month to receive, retain & nourish a ______.

Back 59

Zygote

Front 60

The uterine cycle consists of 3 phases; _______ phase, ________ phase & ________ phase.

Back 60

*Menstrual phase

*Proliferative phase

*Secretory phase

Front 61

A. ______ phase of the uterine cycle; Shedding (loss) of the functional layer of the endometrium.

Back 61

Menstrual phase

Front 62

B. ______ phase of the uterine cycle; Fast multiplication or growth of cells via mitosis. When the lining of the uterus is becoming thick & vascular.

Back 62

Proliferative phase (Proliferation- highly productive, fast multiplication)

Front 63

C. ______ phase of the uterine cycle; Growth, lengthening & coiling of the endometrial blood vessels (which increases blood supply). Growth & lengthening of the endometrial glands.

Back 63

Secretory phase