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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State the Big Ideas for Digestion |
1. North to South process 2. 3 Big organs -Stomach -Pancreas -Gall Bladder 3. Digestion is fundamental to nutritional therapy |
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Describe the way Digestion is supposed to work |
1. Ingestion 2. Secretion 3. Mixing/Propulsion 4. Digestion 5. Absorption 6. Defecation Digestion starts in the brain then mouth, stomach, gallbladder/pancreas, small intestine, large intestine
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Explain at least 3 things that can go wrong in the Digestive System |
-Low HCl -Being in the sympathetic state rather than the parasympathetic state -not chewing adequately or enough |
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Define the 3 possible reaction a client can have to a nutritional protocol |
1. Digestive reaction: diarrhea, heartburn, cramping, constipation 2. Sensitivity reaction/allergic: rash, congestion, pityriasis rosea (ask me how I know) 3. Healing reaction: looks like more of the symptoms that you are trying to fix: nausea if gallbladder, flu-like symptoms with immune dysfunction |
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State the Big Ideas for Blood Sugar Regulation |
1. Primary organs are the Pancreas, Liver and Adrenal glands 2. Never before in the history of man have we had an emergency to lower blood sugar (until we started consuming increased amounts of refined carbs) 3. Americans are inundating their bodies with sugar and refined carbs 4. Reducing Insulin surges through adjusting macronutrient ratios will help the body utilize fats and ketones for energy rather than glucose |
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Describe the interaction between the Pancreas, Liver, and Adrenals when regulating blood sugar |
Pancreas secretes insulin from beta cells for uptake of glucose into cells from blood stream. If/when BS goes too low then the pancreas secretes glucagon from alpha cells to release proteins from muscle which is made into glucose in the liver. Cortisol from the adrenals tells the body to perform gluconeogensis as well to increase BS due to stress or excess of insulin |
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Gluconeogenesis |
Making glucose out of broken down protiens/amino acids |
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Glycogenolysis |
Breaking down of Glycogen (storage form) into glucose molecules |
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Glycogenesis |
Making glucose into the storage form of glycogen |
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Describe blood sugar hormone: Insulin |
-Produced by the Beta cells of the Pancreas -Stimulates the uptake of glucose into the cells (key to the gate that lets glucose into the cells) -Crucial for glycogen formation (Glycogenesis) |
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Describe blood sugar hormone: Glucagon |
-Produced by the Alpha cells of the Pancreas -Tells the body to perform Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis |
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Describe blood sugar hormone: Cortisol |
-Increases blood glucose levels by telling the body to break down structures (muscles) to release fat and protein into the blood -The fat and protein is then converted into glucose via gluconeogenesis in the liver |
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Describe blood sugar hormone: Epinephrine |
-Increased heart rate and blood pressure -Stimulates liver to convert glycogen back to glucose for release into the blood stream -Stimulates liver to produce glucose from proteins and release it into the blood stream |
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Describe Hypoglycemia |
-Client complaints: Fatigue, insomnia, depression, infertility, slow metabolism and weight gain, endocrine issues -Behavior: high glycemic and chronic snacking, use of caffenine and/or nicotine, eating sweets instead of meals, easily irritable, highly fluctuating energy |
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Describe Insulin Resistance |
-Refers to a state in which insulin receptor sites become unresponsive to the binding of insulin -There is a down regulation of insulin due to excessive exposure to insulin -Glycation where sugar is sticking to the proteins of the cell membrane affecting cell membranes ability to receive signal from Insulin |
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Describe Type I and II Diabetes |
Type I: Insulin dependent. Client Beta cells have lost the ability to make insulin. Caused by destruction of pancreas beta cells due to virus or autoimmunity
Type II: non-insulin dependent. Loss of beta cell function due to prolonged demands of high insulin output as a result of high glycemic diet and stress. Elevated BS due to IR
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Explain the damage caused to our bodies by Glycation and the the blood sugar impacts of a diet high in refined carbohydrates and low in fats and proteins. |
Glucose reacts with proteins to cause "sticky proteins". Cells cannot use the proteins that are cross-linked or glycated. AGE's: associated glycation endproducts |
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Describe how to evaluate a Sugar Burning Metabolizer vs. a Fat Burning Metabolizer |
Sugar burner: less able to be satiated, insistent hunger, impaired beta-oxidation of fat, increased carbohydrate craving and intake, difficulty burning fat for weight loss.
Fat burner: burn stored fat for energy throughout the day, have plenty of energy on hand, relys on fat for exercise saving glycogen for later, no change in energy after meals, sustained energy between meals |
