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16 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

True or False

RCTs are the most reliable way to objectively test a drug

True

True or False

The risk of drug-drug interactions is independent of the number of drugs a pt takes

False

True or False

ADRs occur most commonly in the elderly and very young

True

True or False

An idiosyncratic effect is uncommon drug response resulting from a genetic predisposition

True

True or False

The first pass of a drug through the liver greatly increases the bioavailability of the drug

False

Bioavailability

Subcategory of absorption that is fraction of the administration dose of unchanged drug that releases in the systemic circulation


IV medication = 100% bioavailability

The therapeutic objective is to provide __________ ______________ with _____________ ____________.

Maximum benefit


Minimum harm

A patient taking a drug with a narrow therapeutic index is at risk of _____________.

Drug Toxicity

Deferoxamine is a __________ ________ for ________.

Chelating agent


Iron

In _____________ poisoning, N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is used as a ______________.

Paracetamol


Glutathione

Treatable Dementia

D - Drugs


E - Eyes and Ears


M - Metabolic & Endocrine Disorders


E - Emotional Disorders


N - Neurological Disorders


T - Tumors and Trauma


I - Infection


A - Arteriovascular Disease/ Alcohol

What are the three types of drugs used to treat dementia?

1) Cholinesterase - Prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine: Donepezil, Rivastigmine


2) NMDA Receptor Antagonist: Memantine


3) Antipsychotic - for neuropsychiatric symptoms: Risperidone, Olanzapine


What are the clinical symptoms of Parkinsonism?

  • Tremors
  • Rigidity
  • Bradykinesia (Slowness of movement)

Clinical Manifestations: Parkinson's

  • Rhythmic alternations (Pill rolling)
  • Tremors at rest
  • Difficulty speaking and swallowing
  • Postural disturbance
  • Rigidity and bradykinesia

What are some other aetiologies of Parkinson's

  • Encephalitis
  • Anti-psychotic drugs
  • Chemical toxicity: MPTP, carbon monoxide
  • Brain tumours
  • CVA - Cerebral Vascular Accident (stoke)
  • Repeated head trauma (Muhammad Ali)

Describe tremors in Parkinson's patients


  • Insidious onset
  • Visible hands and feet
  • Can affect head, neck, face, lips, tongue , jaw
  • Rhythmic alternations (Pill rolling)
  • Stops with movement and sleep
  • First unilateral, progresses to bilateral