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34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

ureters one originationg from each kidney, transport urine from the what to where

the renal pelvis to bladder

yodrostatic pressure and gravity assist with urine flow, while

peristaltic contractions of smooth muscle in the ureter walls push urine towards bladder.

the ureters are approximately how long

10 to 12 inches long

both ureters attach to where on the bladder

posterior base

as bladder fills, what prevents backlfow

the opening of the ureter closes

the ureters are lined by what

mucous membrane containing transitional epithelium

mucous membrane allows ureters to do what

stretch with variable volume of urine

the secreted mucus protects the epithelium from coming into direct contact with

urine

bladder is located

posterior to the pubic symphysis in the pelvic cavity

because the uterus also occupies space in the pelvic cavity, the female bladder is slightly

small than males

folds of bladder

rugae

folds in mucosal layer of bladder and the presence of transitional epithelium provide for what

bladders distensibility

at the base of the bladder, there is a

triangular shaped area called the rigone

the three apices of teh triangle are the

openings of the two ureters and urethra

the what surrounds the mucosal layer of bladder

detrusor muscle

detrusor muscle consists of three layers of muscle fibers

inner longitudinal, middle circular, outer longitudinal

three layers of detrusor muscle function is to

assist with the emptying of bladder

superficial layer of the bladder are the

adventitia and serosa

the adventitia is a layer of

areolar connective tissue located on the posterior and inferior surfaces and is continuos with the ureters

the serosal is the layer of

visceral peritoneum on the usperiour surface

there are two what that control urine realease from bladder

sphincters

sphincters names

internal and external urethral sphincters

the circular fibers around the opening of the urethra form the

internal sphincter

deep skeletal muscles of the perineum form the

external uretral sphincter

also called urination or voiding

micturition

when volume exceeds.... the distension of bladder triggers stretch receptors that convey impulses to the micturition center in the sacral spinal cord

200 to 400 ml

urethra of males and females


length



men 20 cm, women 4 cm

three regions of male urethra

prostatic, membranous, spongy

location of female urethra

between clitoris and vaginal opening

barriers for compartments of holding water in body are

plasma membrane of cells and blood vessel walls

two thrids of total fluid in body is

intracellular

exteracellular environment can be divided into a number of campartments. main compartment is

interstitial compartment

interstitial compartment is

fluid in tissues and bathing cells

other extracellular fluids are the

plasma, urine, csf, aueous, and vitreous humors, endolymph, perilu,ph, and lymphatic, synovial, pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal fluids