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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Empiricism
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Knowledge comes from experience via the senses
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Structuralism
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used introspections (looking in) to explore the elemental structure of the human mind
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Functionalism
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Focused on how behavioral process function- how they enable organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
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Psychology
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The science of behavior (what we do) and mental process (sensations, perceptions, dreams, thought, beliefs, and feelings).
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Nature-nurture controversy
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The relative contribution that genes and experience make to develpment of psychological traits and behaviors
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Psychology's Subfields
Basic Research- |
Biological, developmental, cognitive, personality, and social
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Biological Psychologists
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Explore the links between brain and mind
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Developmental Psychologists
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Study changing abilities from womb to tomb
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Cognitive Psychologists
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Study how we percieve, think, and sovle problems
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Personality Psychologists
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Investigate our persistent traits
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Social Psychologists
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Explore how we view and affect one another
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Wilhelm Wundt
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Opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig (c. 1879)
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Natural Selection
(Evolution, Darwinism) |
Principle that those inherited trait variations contributing to survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
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Psychology's Subfields
Applied Research |
Industrials/ organizations, and Clinical Psychologists
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Psychiatry
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A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders (practical by physicians use medical treatments as well as psychotherapy)
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Industrial/ Organizations psychologists
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Study and advise on behavior in the workplace
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Clinical Psychologists
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Study, assess, and treat people with psychological disorders (mental)
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Wilhelm Wundt was a _________
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Structuralism
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William James was a _________
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Functionalism
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Ivan Pavlov was a __________
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Classical Condintioning
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Sigmund Freud was a __________
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Psychoanalysis
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John B. Watson and Pavlov were ________
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Behaviorism
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Functionalism
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the school of psychology associated with William James that emphasized the functions of psychological process that help people survive or adpt to the envirnoment
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Hindsight Bias
(9/11) |
We tend to believe, after learning an outcome, that we would have forseen it. The I knew it all along phenomenon.
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Overconfidence
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We tend to think we know more than we do. (Countries suffer from this)
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Critical Thinking
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Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions
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Examples of Critical Thinking
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Examins assumptions, Discerns hidden values, Evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions
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Theory
Ex: evolution |
An explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes and predicts observations
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Hypothesis
(educated guess, testable predictions) |
A testable predictions, often implied as a theory
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Operational Definition
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A statement of procedures (operations) used to define research variables. Ex: intelligence may be operationally defined as what an intelliegence test measures.
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