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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Shotoku Taishi (574-622)
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Yamato Period: Adopted Chinese civilization, strengthened imperial authority and propagated Buddhism. "Constitution of 17 articles"
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Nakatomi no Kamatari (614-669)
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Yamato: Founder of Fujiwara family. Instituted Taika Reforms (645) which adopted Chinese political institutions, polices, land and tax policies
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Murasaki Shikibu (978-1016)
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Heian period: "The Tale of Genji" Lady in waiting to Empress Akiko.
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Minamoto Yoritomo (1147-1199)
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Kamakura Period: 1st shogun, marked beginning of rule by warrior class. Bakufu becomes real locus of power in Japan.
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Ashikaga Takauji (1305-1358)
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1st shogun of Muromachi Period: (Named after district in Kyoto) Forced Emperor out of Kyoto to the south. Led into Warring States period, characterized by High Feudalism (castle towns, classes).
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Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582)
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Warring States Period: Daimyo in central Japan. Made effective use of western introduced firearms. Deposed last Ashikaga Shogunate.
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Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536-1598)
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Warring States: Takes charge of Japan's unification (late 1500s) after Oda's death. "Napoleonic figure." Harsh policies on peasants. Brilliant military strategist.
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Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542-1616)
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1st shogun in Tokugawa: Came to power after Battle of Sekigahara. Appointed Shogun in 1603 and made Edo seat of power. Strict 4-class structure, daimyo classification.
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Matthew Perry (1794-1858)
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Father of the steam navy, interested in Japan as a filling station. First visit (1853) caused much crisis in Japan. Second visit (1854) led to Treaty of Kanagawa, which made Japan create 2 filling stations and effectively opened the country.
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Abe Masahiro (1819-1857)
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Head of Bakufu Senior Council (Roju). Fudai lord. Signed Treaty of Kanagawa and helped open Japan to foreigners.
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Tokugawa Nariaki (1800-1860)
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Opposition to Masahiro. Shimpan Daimyo, Sanke lord. Believed that the country should be ruled by the emperor, and that the Shogunate is illegitimate ("sonno"). Xenophobe leader. Joi ("repel the barbarians") and warmonger.
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Townsend Harris (1804-1878)
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US Consul, came to Shimoda (filling station locale) to push trade treaty. Led to Treaty of Amity and Commerce (1858) where Japan opened Edo and Osaka to foreigners, US was granted extraterritorial rights and freedom of religion in Japan.
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Hotta Masayoshi (1810-1864)
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Succeeded Abe Masahiro as roju. Negotiated US-Japan Trade Treaty and sought ratification of these from the emperor, but was denied.
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Komei Tenno (1831-1867)
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Emperor opposed to the trade treaties and foreign presence, frustrated by lack of real authority. 1863 "Order to Expel the Barbarians" led to violent attacks on Shogunate and foreigners (Richardson). Influenced by the Joi.
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Ii Naosuke (1815-1860)
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Elected "tairo" (dictator) and then made the official decision to sign the Harris treaty w/o permission of the Emperor. Acted in favor of Fudai and appointed Tokugawa Iemochi as Shogun. Puts down angry opposition during the Ansei Purge, puts Yoshinobu under house arrest, executes many (including Yoshida Shoin)
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Yoshida Shoin
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Anti-Bakufu, put under house arrest in Choshu, then forms a school for samurai. Teaches that Japan is a sacred land soon to become a world power. Shoin desired to assassinate Shogun leader, arrested by Choshu police and executed during Ansei Purge.
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Tokugawa Iemochi (1846-1866)
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Nominated by Roju in opposition to Yoshinobu. This 8 year old was appointed Shogun by Naosuke in opposition to Nariaki's son, Yoshinobu.
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Shimazu Hisamitsu (1817-1887)
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Regent to daimyo of Satsuma. Key leader of Anti-Bakufu faction. His bodyguards involved in Richardson Affair. Satsuma clan refused to pay fees to the British, capital was then attacked by British.
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Tokugawa Yoshinobu (1837-1913)
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Tokugawa Nariaki's son and Sanke family heir nominated for Shogun in opposition to Iemochi to propagate his father's doctrines. Took over as Shogun after Iemochi's death in 1866. Last Shogun.
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Sakamoto Ryoma (1835-1867)
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Favored opening the country and instituting national reforms. Mediated alliance between Satsuma and Choshu.
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Harris Treaty (1858)
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Opened 5 ports to trade, Edo and Osaka were opened to foreign residents, American citizens granted extraterritorial rights and freedom of worship.
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Treaty of Kanagawa (1854)
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Opened two ports to US ships: Hakodate, Shimoda
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