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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
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New Text Schools |
New Text Confucianism is a school of thought in Confucianism that was based on Confucian classics recompiled in the early Han dynasty by Confucians who survived the burning of books and burying of scholars during the Qin dynasty. The survivors wrote the classics in the contemporary characters of their time, and these texts were later dubbed as "New Text" |
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Statecraft |
attempts to combine traditional scholarly knowledge with practical experience to find workable solutions to the problems plaguing the Chinese government |
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Opium War |
The Opium Wars were two wars in the mid-19th century involving Anglo-Chinese disputes over British trade in China and China's sovereignty. The disputes included the First Opium War (1839–1842) and the Second Opium War (1856–1860). The wars and events between them weakened the Qing dynasty and reduced China's separation from the rest of the world.[1][2] |
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Commissioner Lin |
was a Chinese scholar and official of the Qing dynasty. Lin's forceful opposition to the opium trade was a primary catalyst for the First Opium War of 1839–42. He is praised for his constant position on the "moral high ground" in his fight |
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East India Company |
The East India Company (EIC), also known as the Honourable East India Company (HEIC) or the British East India Company and informally as John Company,[1] was an English and later British joint-stock company,[2] which was formed to pursue trade with the East Indies but ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and Qing China. |
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Russell & Company |
was the largest and most important American trading house in Qing dynasty China from 1842 to its closing in 1891.Samuel Russell founded Russell & Company in Canton, China, in 1824. Dealing mostly in silks, teas and opium, Russell & Company prospered, and by 1842, it had become the largest American trading house in China. It kept its dominance until its closing in 1891. Russell withdrew from the company in 1836 and returned to the United States. |
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White Lotus |
was a religious and political movement that appealed to many Han Chinese who found solace in worship of Wusheng Laomu, who was to gather all her children at the millennium into one family. The doctrine of the White Lotus included a forecast of the imminent advent of the future Buddha |
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Triad Society |
is a Chinese fraternal organization and secretive folk religious sect. When the British ruled Hong Kong, all Chinese secret societies were seen as criminal threats and together defined as Triads |
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The Taiping Kingdom |
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was an oppositional state in China from 1851 to 1864, supporting the overthrow of the Qing dynasty by Hong Xiuquan and his followers. The unsuccessful war it waged against the Qing is known as the Taiping Rebellion. Its capital was at Tianjing (present-day Nanjing). |
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God Worshippers Society |
was a heterodox evangelical Christian sect founded in 1843 by Hong Xiuquan, Feng Yunshan and Hong Rengan in Hua County. On the 11th day of the first lunar month of 1851, which was also Hong Xiuquan's birthday, the God Worshipping Society proclaimed the Jintian Uprising against the ruling Qing dynasty, and declared the formation of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, thus beginning the Taiping Rebellion, which has been described as the "most gigantic man-made disaster" of the nineteenth century.[2] |
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Peiyang fleet (Li) |
was one of the four modernised Chinese navies in the late Qing Dynasty. Among the four, the Beiyang Fleet was particularly sponsored by Li Hongzhang, one of the most trusted vassals of Empress Dowager Cixi and the principal patron of the "self-strengthening movement" in northern China in his capacity as the Viceroy of Zhili and the Minister of Beiyang Commerce |
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The Hundred Days' Reform |
(the Hundred days’ Reform movement) was a failed 103-day national cultural, political, and educational reform movement from 11 June to 21 September 1898 in late Qing dynasty China. It was undertaken by the young Guangxu Emperor and his reform-minded supporters. The movement proved to be short-lived, ending in a coup d'état ("The Coup of 1898") by powerful conservative opponents led by Empress Dowager Cixi. |
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Boxer Rebellion |
In 1900, in what became known as the Boxer Rebellion (or the Boxer Uprising), a Chinese secret organization called the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists led an uprising in northern China against the spread of Western and Japanese influence there. The rebels, referred to by Westerners as Boxers because they performed physical exercises they believed would make them able to withstand bullets, killed foreigners and Chinese Christians and destroyed foreign property. |
