Models Of Practice & Frames Of Reference

Front 1

Theory

Back 1

- Set of ideas that helps to explain things

- Theoretical Concept -> describes the analysis of a set of facts about occupation, engagement in activity, and intervention

- How we interpret out pts

- Research is used to support or refute theories

- Tool that allows the practitioner to "name it and frame it" -> name the problem and plan a means to alter the problem

- Allows the practitioner to structure and organize their intervention

- Theory serves to:

*Validate and guide practice

*Justify reimbursement

*Clarify specialization issues

*Enhance the growth of the progression and professionalism of its members

*Educate competent providers

- Theory is linked to clinical practice through models of practice and frames of reference

Front 2

Model of Practice

Back 2

- Assists OT practitioners in organizing their thinking around "occupation"

- Ensures a systematic examination of the client and is an important step in providing EBP

- Types:

1. Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)

2. Canadian Model of Occupational Performance (CMOP)

3. Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance (PEOP)

4. Occupational Adaptation

Front 3

Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)

Back 3

- Key components:

1. Volition - person's motivation, interest, values, and belief in skill

2. Habituation - one's daily patterns of behaviors, one's roles, and one's everyday routine

3. Performance - motor, cognitive, and emotional aspects required to act upon the environment

4. Environment - physical, social, and societal surroundings in which the person is involved

4. Environment

Front 4

Canadian Model of Occupational Performance (CMOP)

Back 4

- Core of this model is spirituality -> anything that motivates or inspires a person

- Also includes person, environment, and occupations

Front 5

Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance (PEOP)

Back 5

1. Person - physical, social, and psychological aspects of the individual

2. Environment - physical and social supports, and those things that interfere with the individual's performance

3. Occupation - the everyday things people do and in which they find meaning

4. Performance - actions of the occupations

Front 6

Occupational Adaptation

Back 6

- Schkade and Schultz

- Focuses on the person, the occupational environment, and the interaction

- Examine how they may change a person, environment, or task so the client may engage in occupations

Front 7

Frames of Reference

Back 7

- Provides practitioners specifics about how to treat the client

- Describes the process for change in the client and the principals for moving the client along a continuum from dysfunction to function

- Types for physical dysfunction:

1. Biomechanical

2. Neurodevelopmental Treatment

3. Rehabilitation FOR

4. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation

Front 8

Biomechanical

Back 8

- Intact brain (CNS)

- Stress then rest

- Person = machine with parts to be repaired

- Orthopedic

- Broken/damaged bones, tendons, muscles

Front 9

Neurodevelopmental Tx

Back 9

- Impaired CNS (CVA, CP, TBI, SCI, CHI)

- No compensation

- Limited practicality

- Normalizes tone and inhibits reflexes

- Handles patients for best outcome

Front 10

Rehabilitation

Back 10

- Uses compensation

- Very ecclectic

- Practical because it prepares people to return home

- Environmental models

Front 11

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilation

Back 11

- Joint awareness

- Impaired CNS

- Focuses on diagonal movements