Mod F Week 2, The Urinary System

Front 1

Ditropan

Back 1

-oxybutynin HCl

-anticholinergic

-tx of overactive bladder

Front 2

Urispas

Back 2

-flavoxate HCl

-anticholinergic

-tx of overactive bladder

Front 3

Tofranil

Back 3

-imipramine HCl

-tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

-control of childhood enuresis

Front 4

Macrodantin

Back 4

-nitrofurantoin

-antibacterial

-tx and prophylaxis of UTI (esp. those caused by staph and e. coli)

Front 5

Cipro

Back 5

-ciprofloxacin

-broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone

-tx of UTI, anthrax

Front 6

Lozol

Back 6

-indapamide

-thiazide-like diuretic

-tx of hypertension and edema (associated with congestive heart failure {CHF})

Front 7

Demadex

Back 7

-torsemide

-loop diuretic

-tx of hypertension and edema (ass'd with CHF and chronic renal failure {CRF})

Front 8

Zaroxolyn

Back 8

-metolazone

-thiazide diuretic

-tx of hypertension, edema (w/ CHF and CRF)

Front 9

Pyridium

Back 9

-phenazopyridine HCl

-urinary tract analgesic

-palliative tx of UTI

*may turn urine orange-red
*often used with Macrodantin in tx of UTI

Front 10

Bactrim

Back 10

-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
(TMP/SMX)
-antibiotic combo

-tx of UTI

*aka Septra

*available as DS

*sequential blockade

Front 11

Duricef

Back 11

-cefadroxil monohydrate

-broad-spectrum first generation cephalosporin antibiotic

-tx of UTI, may cause yeast infections

*related to penicillin antibiotics

Front 12

Sumycin

Back 12

-tetracycline (TCN)

-broad-spectrum antibiotic

-tx and prophylaxis of UTI

*contraindicated in children under 8 and pregnant women

Front 13

Velosef

Back 13

-cephradine

-first generation cephalosporin antibiotic

-tx of UTI

Front 14

Proscar

Back 14

-finasteride

-androgen hormone inhibitor

-tx of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hair loss (alopecia)

Front 15

Flomax

Back 15

-tamsulosin HCl

-antiadrenergic

-tx of BPH and hypertension

Front 16

Hydrodiuril

Back 16

-hydrochlorothiazide (HCTz)

-thiazide diuretic

-tx of hypertension and edema

*most often prescribed thiazide diuretic

Front 17

Maxzide

Back 17

-triamterene/HCTz

-potassium-sparing diuretic

-tx of hypertension and edema

*off-label use: tx of hypokalemia

Front 18

Aldactone

Back 18

-spironolactone

-potassium-sparing diuretic

-tx of hypertension and edema

Front 19

Lasix

Back 19

-furosemide

-loop diuretic

-tx of hypertension and edema

*most widely prescribed loop diuretic

Front 20

Levaquin

Back 20

-levofloxacin

-fluoroquinolone antibiotic

-tx of UTI, pneumonia, bronchitis

Front 21

TCA

Back 21

tricyclic antidepressant; one of the earliest classes of antidepressants

Front 22

anticholinergic

Back 22

class of medication that blocks nerve impulses to smooth (involuntary) muscle to reduce muscle spasms; has an antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle

Front 23

fluoroquinolone

Back 23

class of antibiotics; inhibit bacteria DNA synthesis which stops them from reproducing.

may cause toxicity (especially to the body's tendons)

look for "flox" within a drug's generic name to pick out this class of medication

Front 24

broad-spectrum

Back 24

a word used to describe antibiotics with the ability to kill a wide variety of micro-organisms.

Broad-spectrum can be found in different classes of antibiotics (ie, fluoroquinolones, penicillins, etc)

Front 25

analgesic

Back 25

a medication used to treat pain

Front 26

loop diuretic

Back 26

a medication that increases urinary output by inhibiting reabsorption of H20 at the Loop of Henle in the nephron.
This helps to reduce swelling in the body (edema) and hypertension.

These are the most potent type of diuretic, yielding the most urinary output of all the classes.

The most often prescribed drug from this class is furosemide.

This class of drugs may also lead to ototoxicity.

Front 27

thiazide diuretic

Back 27

a medication that helps to lower the amount of water that is retained in the body. Its action occurs at the proximal renal tubule (where sodium is reabsorbed back into the body).

The most commonly prescribed thiazide diuretic is hydrochlorothiazide.

The urinary output is less than that of loop diuretic.

These drugs treat hypertension and edema and are not linked to ototoxicity.

Front 28

potassium-sparing diuretic

Back 28

a medication that reduces the amount of water retained by the body AND helps the body to retain potassium, an important electrolyte.

These drugs are used in the treatment of hypertension and edema, but the urinary output is least of all the diuretics.

These drugs are also used to treat hypokalemia (low potassium)

Front 29

cephalosporin

Back 29

a type of antibiotic which is related to penicillin (PCN)antibiotics

Many people with a hypersensitivity to PCN will have a hypersensitivity to cephalosporin.

These drugs are derived from a fungus.

The mechanism of action for cephalosporins is destruction of the bacterial cell wall.

Look for "cef", "ceph" or "sef" in generic drug names to indicate a cephalosporin classification.

Front 30

sulfonamide

Back 30

antibacterial medications also known as "sulfa drugs"

These drugs slow down the growth of bacteria.

Mainly used to treat UTI and burns.

This medication should be taken with plenty of water so the sulfa does not crystallize in the kidney (which may lead to calculi)

Front 31

penicillins

Back 31

a type of antibiotic that is derived from mold.

The mechanism of action for penicillins is inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Many generic penicillins will end with "-cillin" and many of the trade/brand names have "pen" in their name.

Many people have an allergy to penicillins.