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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the proteins forming, and associated with, thin myofilaments
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Actin, troponin, tropomyosin
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2) Which of these components forms cross-bridges with myosin?
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Actin
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Which of the components of the thin filaments has an attachment site for calcium (Ca2+) ions.
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Troponin
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What occurs when Ca2+attach to this component?
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Releases its hold on tropomyosin
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5) Where are Ca2+stored in the skeletal muscle fibre?
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum
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What causes the Ca2+ to be released from its storage?
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Action potential
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What role do transverse tubules have in this process
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Transmit action potential from surface membrane, down and in amongst the myofilaments
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What causes the ongoing muscle contraction in rigor mortis
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Lack of ATP
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What happens to the light and dark bands of the sarcomere during a (shortening) contraction?
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Overlap
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What is the term used to refer to the process of increasing tension in a motor unit by increasing
the AP firing rate (the same term has been used in other contexts too)? |
Summation
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When the sarcomeres (or the muscle as a whole) are contracted down to their shortest length,
there is a reduction in contractile strength. Why is this so? |
The length/tension relationship states that optimal tension is produced at (near) resting muscle
length. Reducing (or lengthening) the muscle reduces the number of actin-myosin binding sites that are available, and hence reduces the amount of tension that can be produced. |
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At very high level of activation, muscle fibres fatigue very quickly. What processes might be
involved in muscle fatigue? |
Muscle fatigue is generally the result of chemical imbalance within the muscle cells. This
could be in the form of: reduced release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, increased build up of lactic acid (due to a lack of oxygen), reduced levels of ATP. |
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Why does exercise result in an increase in the tension that muscles can develop and their ability
to resist fatigue? |
depending on the type of exercise, there may be an increased number of capillaries supplying
muscles, increased number of mitochondria within muscle cells, muscle cell hypertrophy, increased numbers of muscle cells. |
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Which bony prominence can be felt at the distal end of the radius?
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Styloid process
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Popliteal surface (1)
3. Which particular muscle forms the lateral border of this region |
Biceps femoris
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Which bony prominence can be felt at the distal end of the radius
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Styloid process
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Where is the fulcrum for flexion of the shoulder?
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Shoulder or glenohumeral joint.
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Which muscle provides the force or effort
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Pectoralis major or (anterior fibres of) deltoid.
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