Mn Mo

Front 1

Reduced form of Mn

Back 1

Mn2+

Front 2

Oxidized form of Mn

Back 2

Mn3+

Front 3

Mn is digested as what form?

Back 3

Mn2+

Front 4

Men or women absorb more Mn?

Back 4

Women

Front 5

Transporters of Mn

Back 5

DMT1

Zip14

Front 6

Inhibitors of absorption

Back 6

Phytate

Oxalic acid

Iron competes w/Mn for absorption

Copper

Front 7

In circulation Mn is found as

Back 7

Mn2+

Front 8

In circulation Mn is bound to...

Back 8

Albumin, a2-macroglobulin and other globulins

Front 9

Mn is oxidized by ____ to M3+ to bind ____

Back 9

ceruloplasmin, and transferrin

Front 10

DMT1 takes up Mn in which cells

Back 10

All organs

Front 11

Zip14 takes up Mn in which cells

Back 11

Small intestine and liver

Front 12

Zip8 takes up Mn in which cells

Back 12

liver, kidney, and lungs

Front 13

Mn3+ bound to transferrin binds to which receptor?

Back 13

Transferrin

Front 14

Once inside the cells Mn2+ is found in the

Back 14

Mitochondria

Front 15

Mn forms part of what kind of enzymes

Back 15

Metalloenzymes

Front 16

Mn functions as an antioxidant with what antioxidant enzyme?

Back 16

SOD2

Front 17

SOD2 is found where in the mito and what does it convert?

Back 17

Mito matrix, superoxide to hydrogen peroxide

Front 18

Mn is excreted by the ____ in the ____

Back 18

liver, bile

Front 19

Toxicity of Mn shows ____like symptoms

Back 19

Parkinson's

Front 20

Main regulator of Parkinson's disease

Back 20

a-synuclein

Front 21

A-synuclein acts as a _____ for Fe to carry out the Fenton reaction

Back 21

reductase

Front 22

Present a hallmark of Parkinson's

Back 22

Lewy bodies

Front 23

Copper and Iron increase the aggregation of

Back 23

a-synuclein

Front 24

Which copper form aggregate is more toxic

Back 24

Cu+

Front 25

____ of Cu decreases aggregation

Back 25

Chelation

Front 26

DA and Cu further inc. a-synuclein aggregation leading to the selective death of ______ which regulate movement

Back 26

Dopaminergic neurons

Front 27

ZnT10 localizes in cell surface and transports Mn _____ the cell

Back 27

Outside

Front 28

A mutation in ____ in humans leads to Mn accumulation in organs (liver and brain) and PD-like symptoms

Back 28

ZnT10

Front 29

Reduced form of Mo

Back 29

Mo4+

Front 30

Oxidized form of Mo

Back 30

Mo6+

Front 31

Mo is found in found in what form

Back 31

Mo4+

Front 32

Is digestion needed for absorption of Mn of Mo?

Back 32

No

Front 33

Mo is absorbed by which process?

Back 33

Passive diffusion

Front 34

Absorption increases with increased

Back 34

intake

Front 35

Inhibitors of absorption

Back 35

sulfates

In circulation bind to albumin, a2-marcoglobulin

Front 36

Mo forms in tissues

Back 36

Molydate

Molybdopterin

Molybdopterin bound to enzymes

Front 37

Mo is a cofactor for which 2 enzymes

Back 37

Sulfite oxidase

Xanthine oxidase

Front 38

Lack of ____ is lethal

Back 38

molybdopterin

Front 39

Mo forms a redox couple with which mineral?

Back 39

Fe

Front 40

Transfers electron from substrate to NAD+ to form NADH

Back 40

Xanthine dehydrogenase

Front 41

Transfer electron from substrate to FADH2 that then transfer electron to oxygen to form H2O2

Back 41

Xanthine oxidase

Front 42

Lack of ___ oxidase causes xanthinuria, excretion of high amounts of xanthine in urine

Back 42

xanthine

Front 43

Xanthine oxidase generates

Back 43

superoxide

Front 44

Both xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase generate

Back 44

Uric acid

Front 45

Tetrathiomolybdate inhibits __absorption

Back 45

Cu