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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Tension
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Stress force that pulls on the crust and and thins rock in the middle.
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Two plates pull apart
Divergent Boundary |
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Compression
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Stress force that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks.
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Two plates come together
Convergent Boundary |
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Shearing
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Stress force that pulls plates in two opposite directions
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Two plates slip past each other
Transform Boundary |
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Fault
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When enough stress (Tension, compression, shearing) builds up, a fault occurs.
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Three types:
Normal, Reverse, Strike-Slip |
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Footwall
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Block of rock that lies under a fault
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"Miner puts his foot on a footwall"
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Hanging Wall
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Block of rock that sits over a fault
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"Miner hangs his lantern on a hanging wall"
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Normal Fault
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A fault caused by tension
Footwall moves up Hanging wall moves down |
Divergent Boundary-2 plates pull apart
ex: Rio Grande River Valley |
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Reverse Fault
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A fault caused by compression
Footwall moves down Hanging wall moves up |
Convergent Boundary-2 plates push together
ex: Rocky Mountains |
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Strike-Slip Faults
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A fault caused by shearing
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Transform Boundayr-2 plates slip past each other
"strike a match" ex: San Andreas Fault |
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Folding
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Bends in rock that form when compression shortens and thickens the Earth's crust.
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Causes anticlines and synclines
ex: Himalayas, Swiss Alps |
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Anticline
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Fold in rock that bends upward
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"arch" - like McDonald's arches
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Syncline
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Fold in rock that forms a V shape
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"sink"
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Monocline
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Single fold in rock
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"mono"=1
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Fault-block Mountains
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Mountains fomed from tension in the Earth's crust where two normal faults cause a valley to form on either side of a block of rock.
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Block in the middle stands above the surrounding valleys. This forms a "fault-block mountain"
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Plateau
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Large area of land elevated aove sea level.
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formed when forces in Earth's crust push up a large flat block of rock
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