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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are reticulated platelets? They present in what condition?
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-stressed/giant platelets
-thrombocytopenia |
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What are the acceptable ranges of circulating platelet counts?
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150-400*10^9/L
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What is the function of platelets?
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hemostasis
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Where are platelets produced and from what progenitor cell?
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-bone marrow
-megakaryocytes |
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Other than bone marrow, where are megakaryocytes found?
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lungs
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Name 3 characteristics of megakaryocytes that are distinguished from other human cells.
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-very large
-polyploid -multinucleate |
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CFU-GEMM differentiates into the megakaryocyte lineage by what hormone?
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thrombopoietin
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At what stage in the megakaryocyte development is the cell no longer diploid? What is the process called when nuclear ploidy increases?
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LD-CFU-Meg; endomitosis
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All 3 megakaryocyte progenitor stages resemble what cell? Can they be distinguished by Wright-stain light microscopy?
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-small lymphocytes
-no |
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Name the second developmental stage of megakaryocytes, when they lose proliferative capacity. Name the stages.
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terminal differentiation:
-MK I megakaryoblast -MK II promegakaryocyte -MK III megakaryocyte |
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What is the term for platelet formation? What structure protruding from the megakaryocyte does this occur?
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-thrombopoiesis
-protoplatelet process |
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Circulating platelets accounts for how much in total? Where are the rest?
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2/3
rest are in the spleen |
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Circulating, resting platelet are shaped ______, but ______ in the anticoagulant ______.
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-binconvex
-round up -EDTA |
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Name the 3 processes of platelet activation. Can they occur simultaneously?
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-adhesion, aggregation, and secretion
-yes |
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What 3 things platelets adhere to?
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-exposed collagen from damaged endothelial blood vessels cells
-activated von Williebrand factor -other activated platelets |
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What is it called when platelets adhere to eachother? Why does this occur and what is formed?
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-aggregation
-extensive injuries -white clot (platelet plug) |
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Describe red clot formation.
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-platelet adhesion and aggregation
-platelet secretion: activated platelets contract and release clotting factors, resulting in fibrin formation and RBC are trapped withing fibrin strands |
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Name 3 platelet activation pathways.
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- G-protein
- eicosanoid synthesis - inositol triphosphate and Diacylglycerol |
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How do you get a platelet count estimate?
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multiply the average number of platelets per 1000x field by 20,000
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